Analysis of self-fertilization and meiotic behavior of eleven Brazilian triticale cultivars at two sowing dates

Eleven Brazilian hexaploid triticale cultivars (2n = 6x = 42), from three breeding programs, were evaluated for their ability of self-fertilization in 2006 and for meiotic behavior, meiotic index and pollen viability at two sowing dates in 2007. High potential of self-fertilization was observed, wit...

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Published in:Crop breeding and applied biotechnology Vol. 11; no. 2; pp. 114 - 124
Main Authors: Guerra, Divanilde, Pacheco, Marcelo Teixeira, Federizzi, Luiz Carlos
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Vicosa Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 01-06-2011
Brazilian Society of Plant Breeding
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Summary:Eleven Brazilian hexaploid triticale cultivars (2n = 6x = 42), from three breeding programs, were evaluated for their ability of self-fertilization in 2006 and for meiotic behavior, meiotic index and pollen viability at two sowing dates in 2007. High potential of self-fertilization was observed, with values up to 89.52 %. Many irregularities were found in the meiotic analysis, such as the presence of univalents, laggard chromosomes and micronuclei in tetrads, which compromised both meiotic behavior and meiotic index. At the first sowing date, more suitable for normal plant development, overall mean values of 52.68 % for normal cells and 64.95 % for meiotic index were observed. At the second sowing date, less appropriate for the crop, overall means of 52.23 % for normal cells and 58.24 % for meiotic index were obtained. Despite all the irregularities, considerable pollen viability was observed, reaching overall means of 92.08 % and 91.07 % for the first and second sowing dates, respectively. Onze cultivares brasileiras de triticale hexaplóide (2n = 6x = 42), oriundas de três programas de melhoramento genético foram avaliadas quanto à capacidade de autofertilização em 2006 e quanto ao comportamento meiótico, índice meiótico e viabilidade dos grãos de pólen em duas épocas de semeadura, em 2007. As análises permitiram observar alto potencial de autofertilização com valores de até 89,52 %. Nas análises meióticas foram observadas muitas irregularidades, como presença de univalentes, cromossomos retardatários e micronúcleos em tétrades, que comprometeram o comportamento e o índice meiótico. Na primeira época de semeadura, mais adequada ao desenvolvimento da cultura, observou-se valores de 52,68 % de células normais e 64,95 % de índice meiótico. Na segunda época, fora do período mais adequado, foram obtidos 52,23 % de células normais e 58,24 % de índice meiótico. Apesar de todas as irregularidades, considerável viabilidade de pólen foi observada, com 92,08 % e 91,07 %, para a primeira e segunda época, respectivamente.
ISSN:1984-7033
1518-7853
1984-7033
DOI:10.1590/S1984-70332011000200003