Machine learning approaches to detect hepatocyte chromatin alterations from iron oxide nanoparticle exposure

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 19595 - 12
• Main Authors: Paunovic Pantic, Jovana, Vucevic, Danijela, Radosavljevic, Tatjana, Corridon, Peter R., Valjarevic, Svetlana, Cumic, Jelena, Bojic, Ljubisa, Pantic, Igor
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 23-08-2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 631/114/1305; 631/114/1564; 631/114/2397; Animal tissues; Animals; Artificial intelligence; Biomedical engineering; Chromatin; Chromatin - metabolism; Decision trees; Ferric Compounds; Gradient boosting; Health sciences; Hepatocytes - drug effects; Hepatocytes - metabolism; Humanities and Social Sciences; Iron oxides; Learning algorithms; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Machine Learning; Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles - chemistry; Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles - toxicity; Male; Medicine; Mice; multidisciplinary; Nanoparticles; Nucleus; Physiology; R&D; Random forest; Research & development; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Toxicology; Wavelet transforms; Nucleus; Toxicology; Random forest; Machine learning; Gradient boosting
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70559-4

This study focuses on developing machine learning models to detect subtle alterations in hepatocyte chromatin organization due to Iron (II, III) oxide nanoparticle exposure, hypothesizing that exposure will significantly alter chromatin texture. A total of 2000 hepatocyte nuclear regions of interest (ROIs) from mouse liver tissue were analyzed, and for each ROI, 5 different parameters were calculated: Long Run Emphasis, Short Run Emphasis, Run Length Nonuniformity, and 2 wavelet coefficient energies obtained after the discrete wavelet transform. These parameters served as input for supervised machine learning models, specifically random forest and gradient boosting classifiers. The models demonstrated relatively robust performance in distinguishing hepatocyte chromatin structures belonging to the group exposed to IONPs from the controls. The study's findings suggest that iron oxide nanoparticles induce substantial changes in hepatocyte chromatin distribution and underscore the potential of AI techniques in advancing hepatocyte evaluation in physiological and pathological conditions.