Hand Function and Activity Performance of Children with Longitudinal Radial Deficiency

• Published in: Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume Vol. 90; no. 11; pp. 2408 - 2415
• Main Authors: Buffart, Laurien M, Roebroeck, Marij E, Janssen, Wim G.M, Hoekstra, Anneke, Selles, Ruud W, Hovius, Steven E.R, Stam, Henk J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Boston, MA Copyright by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated 01-11-2008; Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery Incorporated
• Subjects: Biological and medical sciences; Bone Diseases, Developmental - physiopathology; Child; Child, Preschool; Diseases of the osteoarticular system; Female; Finger Joint - physiopathology; Hand - physiopathology; Hand Strength - physiology; Humans; Male; Medical sciences; Orthopedic surgery; Radius - abnormalities; Range of Motion, Articular - physiology; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Wrist Joint - physiopathology; Human; Performance evaluation; Hand function; Orthopedic surgery; Treatment; Deficiency; Child
• ISSN: 0021-9355; 1535-1386
• DOI: 10.2106/JBJS.F.00577

BackgroundThe effects of treatment of children with longitudinal radial deficiency are generally evaluated by measuring grip and pinch strength and joint mobility. Insight into limitations of activities of children with radial deficiency is scarce. In this study, we used standardized instruments to assess impairments in hand function and activity limitations and explored the relationship between the two.MethodsWe evaluated the hand function of twenty children with radial deficiency who were between four and twelve years of age. Impairments in hand function were assessed by measuring grip and pinch strength and the active range of motion of the wrist and of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of the second digit. Functional activities were assessed with use of the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA), to measure the effectiveness of the affected hand, and the Prosthetic Upper Extremity Functional Index (PUFI), to evaluate the ease of activity performance. The relationship between hand function and activity performance and the relationship of those measures with the type of radial deficiency were determined.ResultsThe average grip and pinch strengths were 36% and 30% of reference values. We found reductions in the active range of motion, particularly of the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints. The mean AHA score was 85.5 points and the mean PUFI score was 81.8 points, with both measured on a 0 to 100-point scale. Grip and pinch strength, the active range of joint motion, and the sum scores on the two functional tests were related to the type of radial deficiency. Significant relationships were found between impairments in hand function and activity performance. There was a large variation in the activity performance of the children with poor strength, whereas a more linear relationship was found between the active ranges of motion of the wrist and finger joints and activity performance.ConclusionsDespite marked impairments in hand function, children with radial deficiency performed functional activities fairly well. Relationships between impairments in hand function and limitation of activities were not linear. We recommend that evaluations of the results of treatment include assessment of both aspects of hand function.