CO2 Compression and Dehydration for Transport and Geological Storage

• Published in: Energies (Basel) Vol. 16; no. 4; p. 1804
• Main Authors: Bielka, Paweł, Kuczyński, Szymon, Nagy, Stanisław
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-02-2023
• Subjects: Anthropogenic factors; Atmosphere; carbon capture and storage; Carbon dioxide; Carbon sequestration; CCS; CO2 compression and dehydration; Coal; Compression; Compressors; Cooling; Cooling systems; Dehydration; Efficiency; Emissions; Flow rates; Flue gas; Gas streams; Gas temperature; Greenhouse effect; Greenhouse gases; Heat; Industrial plant emissions; Mass flow rate; Membrane separation; Methods; Nitrogen dioxide; Operating costs; Power plants; process simulation; Storage; TEG (triethylene glycol)
• ISSN: 1996-1073; 1996-1073
• DOI: 10.3390/en16041804

Observation of the greenhouse effect prompts the consideration of every possibility of reducing anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. One of the key methods that has been the subject of much research is Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the main technologies of CO2 capture, separation, and dehydration as well as methods of its transport and methodology of selecting a suitable geological storage site. An installation of dehydration and compression of carbon dioxide captured after the post-combustion was designed at a temperature of 35 °C, a pressure of 1.51 bar, and a mass flow rate of 2.449 million tons/year, assuming that the geological storage site is located at 30 km from the capture place. For the dehydration process, a multistage compression and cooling system were applied, combined with a triethylene glycol (TEG) dehydration unit. The mass flow rate of TEG was selected as 0.5 kg/s. H2O out of the TEG unit was 26.6 ppm. The amount of energy required to compress the gas was minimized by adopting a maximum post-compression gas temperature of 95 °C for each cycle, thereby reducing plant operating costs. The total power demand was 7047 kW, 15,990 kW, and 24,471 kW, and the total received heat input was 13,880.76 kW, 31,620.07 kW, and 47,035.66 kW for 25%, 60%, and 100% plant load, respectively. The use of more compressors reduces the gas temperature downstream through successive compression stages. It also decreases the total amount of energy required to power the entire plant and the amount of heat that must be collected during the gas stream cooling process. The integration of CO2 compression and cooling system to recover heat and increase the efficiency of power units should be considered.