Formation of lipid droplets induced by 2,3-dihydrogeranylgeranoic acid distinct from geranylgeranoic acid

• Published in: Acta biochimica polonica Vol. 54; no. 4; pp. 777 - 782
• Main Authors: Kodaira, Yuichi, Kusumoto, Takeru, Takahashi, Takeshi, Matsumura, Yoshihiro, Miyagi, Yukino, Okamoto, Kyoko, Shidoji, Yoshihiro, Sagami, Hiroshi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Poland 01-01-2007
• Subjects: Apoptosis - drug effects; Diterpenes - chemistry; Diterpenes - pharmacology; HL-60 Cells; Humans; Lipids - chemistry
• ISSN: 0001-527X; 1734-154X
• DOI: 10.18388/abp.2007_3158

Geranylgeranoic acid (GGA) and 2,3-dihydrogeranylgeranoic acid (2,3-diGGA) are geranylgeraniol-derived metabolites (Kodaira et al. (2002) J Biochem 132: 327-334). In the present study, we examined the effects of these acids on HL-60 cells. The cells were differentiated into neutrophils by GGA stimulation like retinoic acid stimulation. In the case of cells stimulated with 2,3-diGGA, neutrophils were not detected, but the formation of lipid droplets was induced. On the other hand, when the cells were cultured in the presence of 0.1% FBS instead of 10% FBS, apoptotic cells were induced not only by GGA stimulation but also with 2,3-diGGA. In the latter case, when the cells were cultured in the co-presence of a caspase-3 inhibitor (Ac-DMQD-CHO), the lipid droplets formation was observed in the cells. These results suggest that GGA and 2,3-diGGA are extremely different from each other with respect to their effects on HL-60 cells.