Effects of two deep water training programs on cardiorespiratory and muscular strength responses in older adults

• Published in: Experimental gerontology Vol. 64; pp. 55 - 61
• Main Authors: Kanitz, Ana Carolina, Delevatti, Rodrigo Sudatti, Reichert, Thais, Liedtke, Giane Veiga, Ferrari, Rodrigo, Almada, Bruna Pereira, Pinto, Stephanie Santana, Alberton, Cristine Lima, Kruel, Luiz Fernando Martins
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Inc 01-04-2015
• Subjects: Aged; Aquatic resistance training; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Deep water running; Endurance training; Heart Rate - physiology; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Strength - physiology; Oxygen Consumption - physiology; Physical Endurance - physiology; Resistance Training; Cardiorespiratory fitness; Deep water running; Endurance training; Aquatic resistance training
• ISSN: 0531-5565; 1873-6815
• DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.02.013

This study aimed to investigate the effects of two deep water training programs on cardiorespiratory and muscular strength responses in older adults. Thirty-four older adults men were placed into two groups: deep water endurance training (ET; n=16; 66±4years) and deep water strength prior to endurance training (concurrent training: CT; n=18; 64±4years). The training period lasted 12weeks, with three sessions a week. The resting heart rate and the oxygen uptake at peak (VO2peak) and at the second ventilatory threshold (VO2VT2) were evaluated during a maximal incremental test on a cycle ergometer before and after training. In addition, maximal dynamic strength (one repetition maximum test — 1RM) and local muscular resistance (maximum repetitions at 60% 1RM) of the knee extensors and flexors were evaluated. After the training period, the heart rate at rest decreased significantly, while the VO2peak and VO2VT2 showed significant increases in both groups (p<0.05). Only the VO2VT2 resulted in significantly greater values for the ET compared to the CT group after the training (p<0.05). In addition, after training, there was a significant increase in the maximal dynamic strength of the knee extensors and the local muscular endurance of the knee extensors and flexors, with no difference between the groups (p>0.05). In summary, the two training programs were effective at producing significant improvements in cardiorespiratory and muscular strength responses in older adult men. However, deep water endurance training at high intensities provides increased cardiorespiratory responses compared to CT and results in similar muscular strength responses.
•Deep water training optimizes muscular strength gains in older adults.•Deep water training optimizes oxygen uptake gains in older adults.•Deep water training decreases the heart rate in older adults.