Performance and financial efficiency of three dairy production systems in southern Brazil
Background:Factors such as herd composition, productivity, milk quality and technology level influence the costs and profitability of milk production. Objective:To evaluate indicators that could predict production performance and financial efficiency in three dairy production systems in southern Bra...
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Published in: | Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias Vol. 34; no. 1; pp. 5 - 17 |
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Universidad de Antioquia
01-01-2021
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Abstract | Background:Factors such as herd composition, productivity, milk quality and technology level influence the costs and profitability of milk production. Objective:To evaluate indicators that could predict production performance and financial efficiency in three dairy production systems in southern Brazil. Methods:Monthly records of milk quality, production performance and costs from fifty dairy farms were collected. The farms were classified into grazing, semi-feedlot, or feedlot systems. Total revenues, effective operational cost, total operational cost, total cost, gross margin, net income, total cost leveling point, profitability and final milk price were calculated. Results: The feedlot system resulted in greater herd size and milk production per lactating cow (p<0.05), but greater variable costs compared to semi-feedlot and grazing systems. On the other hand, the grazing system achieved greater profitability per year.Factor II (fat and protein rates), and Factor III (herd size and productivity per area) were associated with milk price per liter paid to the farmer (p<0.05), together accounting for approximately 13% of this price. Conclusion:Dairy production systems are influenced by area, lactating cows, productive performance, productivity per area, milk quality, and use of artificial insemination as well as supplementation (concentrate and minerals). Nearly 13% of milk price can be attributed to its fat and protein content as well as herd size and productivity per area.
Antecedentes: Fatores relacionados à composição do rebanho, produtividade, qualidade do leite e uso de tecnologias podem impactar os custos e a lucratividade da produção de leite. Objetivo: Avaliar indicadores que possam predizer a produtividade e a eficiência financeira em três sistemas de produção de leite no sul do Brasil. Métodos: Registros mensais de qualidade do leite, desempenho da produção e custos de cinquenta fazendas leiteiras foram coletados. As fazendas foram classificadas em sistemas de pastejo, semi-confinamento ou confinamento. As receitas totais, o custo operacional efetivo, o custo operacional total, o custo total, a margem bruta, o lucro líquido, o ponto de nivelamento total do custo, a lucratividade e o preço final do leite foram calculados. Resultados: O sistema de confinamento apresentou maior taxa de lotação e produção de leite por vaca lactante (p<0,05), porém maiores custos variáveis totais em relação aos sistemas de semi-confinamento e pastejo. Por outro lado, o sistema de pastejo alcançou maior rentabilidade por ano. O Fator II (taxas de gordura e proteína) e o Fator III (taxa de lotação e produtividade por área) foram associados ao preço do leite por litro pago ao produtor (p<0,05), representando juntos aproximadamente 13% desse preço. Conclusões: Os sistemas de produção leiteira foram influenciados pela área, vacas em lactação, desempenho produtivo, produtividade por área, qualidade do leite e uso de inseminação artificial, bem como pela suplementação (concentrado e minerais). Quase 13% do preço do leite pode ser atribuído ao seu teor de gordura e proteína, assim como a taxa de lotação e a produtividade por área.
Antecedentes: Factores tales como composición del rebaño, productividad, calidad de la leche y nivel tecnológico pueden afectar los costos y rentabilidad de la producción lechera. Objetivo: Evaluar indicadores que puedan predecir el rendimiento productivo y eficiencia financiera en tres sistemas de producción lechera en el sur de Brasil. Métodos: Se recolectaron y analizaron registros mensuales de calidad de la leche, rendimiento productivo y costos de cincuenta granjas lecheras. Las granjas se clasificaron en tres sistemas: pastoreo, semi-confinamiento, y confinamiento. Se calcularon los ingresos totales, el costo operativo efectivo, el costo operativo total, el costo total, el margen bruto, el beneficio neto, el punto de nivelación del costo total, la rentabilidad, y el precio final de la leche. Resultados: El sistema de confinamiento presentó mayor densidad animal y producción de leche por vaca lactante (p<0,05), pero mayores costos variables en comparación con los sistemas de semi-confinamiento y pastoreo. Por otro lado, el sistema de pastoreo tuvo mayor rentabilidad por año. El Factor II (tasas de grasa y proteína) y el Factor III (tasa de ganancia y productividad por área) se asociaron al precio por litro de leche pagado al productor (p<0,05), representando juntos aproximadamente el 13% de ese precio. Conclusión: Los sistemas de producción lechera están influenciados por el área, las vacas lactantes, el rendimiento productivo, la productividad por unidad de área, la calidad de la leche y el uso de inseminación artificial, así como por la suplementación (concentrado y minerales). Casi 13% del precio de la leche se puede atribuir a su contenido de grasa y proteína, así como al tamaño de la granja y productividad por área. |
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AbstractList | Background: Factors such as herd composition, productivity, milk quality and technology level influence the costs and profitability of milk production. Objective: To evaluate indicators that could predict production performance and financial efficiency in three dairy production systems in southern Brazil. Methods: Monthly records of milk quality, production performance and costs from fifty dairy farms were collected. The farms were classified into grazing, semi-feedlot, or feedlot systems. Total revenues, effective operational cost, total operational cost, total cost, gross margin, net income, total cost leveling point, profitability and final milk price were calculated. Results: The feedlot system resulted in greater herd size and milk production per lactating cow (p<0.05), but greater variable costs compared to semi-feedlot and grazing systems. On the other hand, the grazing system achieved greater profitability per year. Factor II (fat and protein rates), and Factor III (herd size and productivity per area) were associated with milk price per liter paid to the farmer (p<0.05), together accounting for approximately 13% of this price. Conclusion: Dairy production systems are influenced by area, lactating cows, productive performance, productivity per area, milk quality, and use of artificial insemination as well as supplementation (concentrate and minerals). Nearly 13% of milk price can be attributed to its fat and protein content as well as herd size and productivity per area. Background:Factors such as herd composition, productivity, milk quality and technology level influence the costs and profitability of milk production. Objective:To evaluate indicators that could predict production performance and financial efficiency in three dairy production systems in southern Brazil. Methods:Monthly records of milk quality, production performance and costs from fifty dairy farms were collected. The farms were classified into grazing, semi-feedlot, or feedlot systems. Total revenues, effective operational cost, total operational cost, total cost, gross margin, net income, total cost leveling point, profitability and final milk price were calculated. Results: The feedlot system resulted in greater herd size and milk production per lactating cow (p<0.05), but greater variable costs compared to semi-feedlot and grazing systems. On the other hand, the grazing system achieved greater profitability per year.Factor II (fat and protein rates), and Factor III (herd size and productivity per area) were associated with milk price per liter paid to the farmer (p<0.05), together accounting for approximately 13% of this price. Conclusion:Dairy production systems are influenced by area, lactating cows, productive performance, productivity per area, milk quality, and use of artificial insemination as well as supplementation (concentrate and minerals). Nearly 13% of milk price can be attributed to its fat and protein content as well as herd size and productivity per area. Antecedentes: Fatores relacionados à composição do rebanho, produtividade, qualidade do leite e uso de tecnologias podem impactar os custos e a lucratividade da produção de leite. Objetivo: Avaliar indicadores que possam predizer a produtividade e a eficiência financeira em três sistemas de produção de leite no sul do Brasil. Métodos: Registros mensais de qualidade do leite, desempenho da produção e custos de cinquenta fazendas leiteiras foram coletados. As fazendas foram classificadas em sistemas de pastejo, semi-confinamento ou confinamento. As receitas totais, o custo operacional efetivo, o custo operacional total, o custo total, a margem bruta, o lucro líquido, o ponto de nivelamento total do custo, a lucratividade e o preço final do leite foram calculados. Resultados: O sistema de confinamento apresentou maior taxa de lotação e produção de leite por vaca lactante (p<0,05), porém maiores custos variáveis totais em relação aos sistemas de semi-confinamento e pastejo. Por outro lado, o sistema de pastejo alcançou maior rentabilidade por ano. O Fator II (taxas de gordura e proteína) e o Fator III (taxa de lotação e produtividade por área) foram associados ao preço do leite por litro pago ao produtor (p<0,05), representando juntos aproximadamente 13% desse preço. Conclusões: Os sistemas de produção leiteira foram influenciados pela área, vacas em lactação, desempenho produtivo, produtividade por área, qualidade do leite e uso de inseminação artificial, bem como pela suplementação (concentrado e minerais). Quase 13% do preço do leite pode ser atribuído ao seu teor de gordura e proteína, assim como a taxa de lotação e a produtividade por área. Antecedentes: Factores tales como composición del rebaño, productividad, calidad de la leche y nivel tecnológico pueden afectar los costos y rentabilidad de la producción lechera. Objetivo: Evaluar indicadores que puedan predecir el rendimiento productivo y eficiencia financiera en tres sistemas de producción lechera en el sur de Brasil. Métodos: Se recolectaron y analizaron registros mensuales de calidad de la leche, rendimiento productivo y costos de cincuenta granjas lecheras. Las granjas se clasificaron en tres sistemas: pastoreo, semi-confinamiento, y confinamiento. Se calcularon los ingresos totales, el costo operativo efectivo, el costo operativo total, el costo total, el margen bruto, el beneficio neto, el punto de nivelación del costo total, la rentabilidad, y el precio final de la leche. Resultados: El sistema de confinamiento presentó mayor densidad animal y producción de leche por vaca lactante (p<0,05), pero mayores costos variables en comparación con los sistemas de semi-confinamiento y pastoreo. Por otro lado, el sistema de pastoreo tuvo mayor rentabilidad por año. El Factor II (tasas de grasa y proteína) y el Factor III (tasa de ganancia y productividad por área) se asociaron al precio por litro de leche pagado al productor (p<0,05), representando juntos aproximadamente el 13% de ese precio. Conclusión: Los sistemas de producción lechera están influenciados por el área, las vacas lactantes, el rendimiento productivo, la productividad por unidad de área, la calidad de la leche y el uso de inseminación artificial, así como por la suplementación (concentrado y minerales). Casi 13% del precio de la leche se puede atribuir a su contenido de grasa y proteína, así como al tamaño de la granja y productividad por área. |
Author | Vieira, Arnaldo D Schiavon, Raquel S Palmeira, Maila Canever, Mário D Lucia Jr, Thomaz Silva, Hernani A Peripolli, Vanessa Bianchi, Ivan Schwegler, Elizabeth |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Raquel S surname: Schiavon fullname: Schiavon, Raquel S – sequence: 2 givenname: Mário D surname: Canever fullname: Canever, Mário D – sequence: 3 givenname: Arnaldo D surname: Vieira fullname: Vieira, Arnaldo D – sequence: 4 givenname: Vanessa surname: Peripolli fullname: Peripolli, Vanessa – sequence: 5 givenname: Maila surname: Palmeira fullname: Palmeira, Maila – sequence: 6 givenname: Hernani A surname: Silva fullname: Silva, Hernani A – sequence: 7 givenname: Elizabeth surname: Schwegler fullname: Schwegler, Elizabeth – sequence: 8 givenname: Thomaz surname: Lucia Jr fullname: Lucia Jr, Thomaz – sequence: 9 givenname: Ivan surname: Bianchi fullname: Bianchi, Ivan |
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SubjectTerms | adopción de tecnología adoção de tecnologia bovinos de leite calidad de la leche cattle productivity costos de producción custos de produção dairy cattle dairy production financial management ganado lechero gestión financiera gestão financeira income ingreso milk quality producción de leche production costs productividad del ganado produtividade dos bovinos produção de leite profitability qualidade do leite renda rentabilidad rentabilidade technology adoption |
Title | Performance and financial efficiency of three dairy production systems in southern Brazil |
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