Adolescent emotion regulation trajectories: The influence of parent and friend emotion socialization

• Published in: Journal of research on adolescence Vol. 33; no. 3; pp. 735 - 749
• Main Authors: Hale, Molly E., Price, Natalee N., Borowski, Sarah K., Zeman, Janice L.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-09-2023
• Subjects: adolescence; Adolescent girls; Adolescents; Anger; close friends; emotion regulation; emotion socialization; Emotional regulation; Emotions; Friendship; Latent growth curve models; parents; Parents & parenting; Sadness; Socialization; Worry; adolescence; close friends; emotion regulation; emotion socialization; parents
• ISSN: 1050-8392; 1532-7795
• DOI: 10.1111/jora.12834

With mounting evidence demonstrating the link between child emotion regulation (ER) and emotion socialization, we conducted a longitudinal study to understand (a) emotion‐specific trajectories of adolescent ER and (b) how specific parent and friend emotion socialization strategies impact ER over 4 years. Participants were 209 adolescents (52.5% girls; Mage = 12.66 years; 75.7% White) and their parents. Latent growth curve models identified unique trajectories for anger and sadness/worry regulation. Anger regulation increased across time, whereas sadness/worry regulation remained highly stable longitudinally, lacking variance for growth modeling. Friend emotion socialization emerged as a more salient predictor of anger regulation than parent emotion socialization. Friend reward, override, and punish responses predicted initial levels. Friend punish and parent magnify responses predicted the slope.