On the Enthalpy of Formation and Enthalpy of Sublimation of Dihydroxylammonium 5,5′‐bitetrazole‐1,1′‐dioxide (TKX‐50)

The thermodynamic characterization of dihydroxylammonium 5,5′‐bitetrazole‐1,1′‐dioxide (TKX‐50) was reinvestigated. Although TKX‐50 is one of the most promising new‐generation energetic materials, contradictory reports are found in the literature with regard to its solid enthalpy of formation. The s...

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Published in:Propellants, explosives, pyrotechnics Vol. 48; no. 7
Main Authors: Silva, Ana L. R., Almeida, Ana R. R. P., Ribeiro da Silva, Maria D. M. C., Reinhardt, Jelena, Klapötke, Thomas M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Weinheim Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-07-2023
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Abstract The thermodynamic characterization of dihydroxylammonium 5,5′‐bitetrazole‐1,1′‐dioxide (TKX‐50) was reinvestigated. Although TKX‐50 is one of the most promising new‐generation energetic materials, contradictory reports are found in the literature with regard to its solid enthalpy of formation. The standard (po=105 Pa) molar enthalpy of formation of crystalline TKX‐50, (175.3±1.9) kJ ⋅ mol−1, was determined experimentally based on the measured standard massic energy of combustion, determined through static‐bomb combustion calorimetry. Additionally, the standard molar enthalpy of sublimation of TKX‐50, at T=298.15 K, (165.0±2.4) kJ ⋅ mol−1, was derived from vapor pressure measurements determined by a Knudsen mass‐loss effusion technique. Finally, different approaches were used in attempts to calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of TKX‐50 in the solid state. A critical overview and assessment of the data on the enthalpy of formation of TKX‐50 is also presented.
AbstractList The thermodynamic characterization of dihydroxylammonium 5,5′‐bitetrazole‐1,1′‐dioxide (TKX‐50) was reinvestigated. Although TKX‐50 is one of the most promising new‐generation energetic materials, contradictory reports are found in the literature with regard to its solid enthalpy of formation. The standard (po=105 Pa) molar enthalpy of formation of crystalline TKX‐50, (175.3±1.9) kJ ⋅ mol−1, was determined experimentally based on the measured standard massic energy of combustion, determined through static‐bomb combustion calorimetry. Additionally, the standard molar enthalpy of sublimation of TKX‐50, at T=298.15 K, (165.0±2.4) kJ ⋅ mol−1, was derived from vapor pressure measurements determined by a Knudsen mass‐loss effusion technique. Finally, different approaches were used in attempts to calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of TKX‐50 in the solid state. A critical overview and assessment of the data on the enthalpy of formation of TKX‐50 is also presented.
The thermodynamic characterization of dihydroxylammonium 5,5′‐bitetrazole‐1,1′‐dioxide (TKX‐50) was reinvestigated. Although TKX‐50 is one of the most promising new‐generation energetic materials, contradictory reports are found in the literature with regard to its solid enthalpy of formation. The standard ( p o =10 5  Pa) molar enthalpy of formation of crystalline TKX‐50, (175.3±1.9) kJ ⋅ mol −1 , was determined experimentally based on the measured standard massic energy of combustion, determined through static‐bomb combustion calorimetry. Additionally, the standard molar enthalpy of sublimation of TKX‐50, at T =298.15 K, (165.0±2.4) kJ ⋅ mol −1 , was derived from vapor pressure measurements determined by a Knudsen mass‐loss effusion technique. Finally, different approaches were used in attempts to calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of TKX‐50 in the solid state. A critical overview and assessment of the data on the enthalpy of formation of TKX‐50 is also presented.
Author Silva, Ana L. R.
Ribeiro da Silva, Maria D. M. C.
Klapötke, Thomas M.
Reinhardt, Jelena
Almeida, Ana R. R. P.
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_3390_thermo3040033
crossref_primary_10_1080_07370652_2023_2295281
crossref_primary_10_1021_acsomega_3c09934
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_chemmater_4c00635
crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_jced_4c00026
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Snippet The thermodynamic characterization of dihydroxylammonium 5,5′‐bitetrazole‐1,1′‐dioxide (TKX‐50) was reinvestigated. Although TKX‐50 is one of the most...
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crossref
wiley
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SubjectTerms Bomb calorimetry
CBS-QB3 level of theory
Combustion
combustion calorimetry
Dioxides
Energetic materials
Enthalpy
enthalpy of formation
enthalpy of sublimation
Sublimation
TKX-50
Vapor pressure
vapor pressures
Title On the Enthalpy of Formation and Enthalpy of Sublimation of Dihydroxylammonium 5,5′‐bitetrazole‐1,1′‐dioxide (TKX‐50)
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fprep.202200361
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2832218957
Volume 48
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