Altered cardiometabolic profile in girls with central precocious puberty and adipokines: A propensity score matching analysis

• Published in: Cytokine (Philadelphia, Pa.) Vol. 148; p. 155660
• Main Authors: Zurita-Cruz, Jessie N., Villasís-Keever, Miguel A., Manuel-Apolinar, Leticia, Damasio-Santana, Leticia, Gutierrez-Gonzalez, Alejandro, Wakida-Kusunoki, Guillermo, Padilla-Rojas, Michel, Maldonado-Rivera, Cesar, Garrido-Magaña, Eulalia, Rivera-Hernández, Aleida de J., Nishimura-Meguro, Elisa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01-12-2021
• Subjects: Adipokines - blood; Adiponectin; Cardiometabolic factors; Central precocious puberty; Child; Female; Humans; Leptin; Lipids - blood; Myocardium - metabolism; Obesity; Propensity Score; Puberty, Precocious - blood; Obesity; CPP; HDLc; Cardiometabolic factors; Leptin; CSF; zBMI; LDLc; TGLs; Central precocious puberty; Adiponectin; ELISA
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155660
• EISSN: 1096-0023
• ISSN: 1043-4666

•Patients with CPP have an increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood.•Since the diagnosis of CPP, the girls have an altered cardiometabolic profile.•CPP girls at diagnosis have higher free leptin levels and hypertriglyceridemia.•In CPP, the altered cardiometabolic profile is independent of BMI.
To compare cardiometabolic factors and adipokines between patients with recently diagnosed CPP and controls without CPP, paired by BMI Z scores (BMIz) and classified into girls with adequate nutritional status and girls who are overweight or obese.
This cross-sectional study was performed from January 2012 to May 2015 at two tertiary care pediatric centers in Mexico City. We included female patients with idiopathic CPP without other chronic pathology and healthy controls. Patients were divided into groups, BMI < 85th and BMI ≥ 85th percentile, according to 2000 CDC Growth Charts. Anthropometric data and fasting plasma concentrations of lipids, glucose, insulin, and leptin were assessed.
There were 73 patients with CPP and 82 without CPP. Sixty-six patients were matched between the groups; no significant difference was noted between the groups according to zBMI. However, differences in the bone/chronological age relationship, birth weight and proportions in different Tanner stages were observed. Among girls with normal BMI, the percentage of body fat (24.6% vs 18.9%, p < 0.001), serum triglycerides (102.9 vs 54.3 mg/dl, p < 0.001), leptin (7.46 vs 5.4 ng/ml, p = 0.010) and free leptin (0.44 vs 0.29 ng/ml, p = 0.044) were higher in those with CPP; additionally, girls with CPP presented a higher proportion of hypertriglyceridemia. In the overweight/obese group, adiponectin levels were lower in girls with CPP (6.23 vs 7.28 pg/ml, p = 0.011).
Girls with CPP and normal BMI at diagnosis had a worse cardiometabolic profile, as reflected by higher levels of free leptin, and higher proportion of hypertriglyceridemia than girls without CPP.