Introduction of a carbon paste electrode based on nickel carbide for investigation of interaction between warfarin and vitamin K1

• Published in: Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis Vol. 139; pp. 156 - 164
• Main Authors: Torkashvand, Maryam, Gholivand, Mohammad Bagher, Taherpour, Avat (Arman), Boochani, Arash, Akhtar, Arsalan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier B.V 30-05-2017
• Subjects: Carbon - chemistry; Differential pulse voltammetry; Drug Interactions - physiology; Drug–vitamin interaction; Electrodes; Metal Nanoparticles - chemistry; Models, Molecular; Molecular modeling; Ni3C nanoparticles; Nickel - chemistry; Vitamin K; Vitamin K 1 - analysis; Vitamin K 1 - metabolism; Warfarin; Warfarin - analysis; Warfarin - metabolism; X-Ray Diffraction; Warfarin; Ni3C nanoparticles; Drug–vitamin interaction; Molecular modeling; Differential pulse voltammetry; Vitamin K; NiC nanoparticles
• ISSN: 0731-7085; 1873-264X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.032

•A novel sensor was established based on Ni3C nanoparticles.•The Ni3C nanoparticles enhanced the surface area and conductivity of the sensor.•The new sensor was used to study the interaction of warfarin with vitamin K1.•The results demonstrate that warfarin can interact with vitamin K1 directly.
In this paper a novel electrochemical sensor based on nickel carbide (Ni3C) nanoparticles as a new modifier was constructed. Ni3C nanoparticle was synthesized and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and first-principles study. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies confirmed the electrode modification. Afterwards, the new electrode for the first time was used for interaction study between vitamin K1 and warfarin as an anticoagulant drug by differential pulse voltammetry. The adduct formation between the drug and vitamin K1 was improved by decreasing in anodic peak current of warfarin in the presence of different amounts of vitamin K1. The binding constant between warfarin and vitamin K1 was obtained by voltammetric and UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopic methods. The molecular modeling method was also performed to explore the structural features and binding mechanism of warfarin to vitamin K1. The different aspects of modeling of vitamin K1 and warfarin and their adduct structures confirmed the adduct formation by hydrogen bonding.