Experience as a factor influencing the indications for laparoscopic colorectal surgery and the results

• Published in: Surgical endoscopy Vol. 15; no. 2; pp. 116 - 120
• Main Authors: MARUSCH, F, GASTINGER, I, SCHNEIDER, C, SCHEIDBACH, H, KONRADT, J, BRUCH, H.-P, KÖHLER, L, BÄRLEHNER, E, KÖCKERLING, F
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Springer 01-02-2001; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biological and medical sciences; Colorectal Neoplasms - mortality; Colorectal Neoplasms - surgery; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Germany; Humans; Laparoscopy - methods; Laparoscopy - mortality; Laparoscopy - statistics & numerical data; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures - methods; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures - mortality; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures - statistics & numerical data; Probability; Risk Factors; Sex Distribution; Stomach, duodenum, intestine, rectum, anus; Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases; Surgery of the digestive system; Survival Analysis; Treatment Outcome; Germany; Human; Endoscopic surgery; Professional experience; Rectal disease; Indication; Multicenter study; Laparoscopy; Statistical study; Colonic disease; Rectum; Digestive diseases; Intestinal disease; Endoscopy; Colon
• ISSN: 0930-2794; 1432-2218
• DOI: 10.1007/s004640000340

The influence of experience on the results of treatment with laparoscopic surgery is indisputable. The establishment of indications and contraindications is relative, and varies depending on the experience of the surgeon. Learning curves have been described for a number of laparoscopic interventions, in particular laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The current prospective multicenter study investigates, among other things, the interrelation between experience and the results of treatment using laparoscopic colorectal surgery. The study makes no pronouncements on the long-term results achieved in patients with colorectal carcinoma who underwent an operation with curative intent, although relevant data were indeed collected.
Between August 1, 1995 and February 1, 1999, a total of 1,658 patients were recruited to the prospective multicenter study initiated by the Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery Study Group. To investigate the influence of surgical experience, two groups were formed. Group A comprised all the institutions and surgeons with experience of more than 100 laparoscopic colorectal operations. Group B contained institutions and surgeons with experience of fewer than 100 such interventions. The results of this study clearly show that in Group A, significantly more procedures involving the rectum were performed (26.7% vs 9.5%), and significantly more carcinomas were surgically managed (37.3% vs 17.3%). Despite this significantly higher level of technically difficult procedures in the patient population of group A, which was comparable in terms of age, gender, height, and weight with the patient in group B, the postoperative mortality and morbidity was, with the exception of urinary tract infections, identical between the two groups. Conversion to open surgery was significantly less frequent in group A (4.3% vs 6.9%), and, finally, the duration of the procedures performed by the more experienced surgeons of group A was appreciably shorter than in institutions with a smaller frequency of such operations.
Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is very demanding, and can be performed with low morbidity and mortality rates only by a surgeon with above-average experience with this type of surgery and a large caseload of laparoscopic colorectal procedures. The learning curve for such procedures is appreciably longer than for other laparoscopic operations. With increasing experience, technically more demanding operations, including radical oncologic rectal laparoscopic procedures, can be performed with appreciably reduced operating times and conversion rates, but with no increase in morbidity or mortality.