Midterm Prospective Comparative Analysis of 2 Hard-on-Hard Bearing Total Hip Arthroplasty Designs

• Published in: The Journal of arthroplasty Vol. 33; no. 6; pp. 1820 - 1825
• Main Authors: Martin, J. Ryan, Jennings, Jason M., Watters, Tyler S., Levy, Dan L., Miner, Todd M., Dennis, Douglas A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-06-2018
• Subjects: Acetabulum; adverse local tissue reaction; Aged; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip - instrumentation; ceramic-on-ceramic; Ceramics; Female; hard bearings; Hip Prosthesis - adverse effects; Hip Prosthesis - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Male; metal-on-metal; Metal-on-Metal Joint Prostheses - adverse effects; Metal-on-Metal Joint Prostheses - statistics & numerical data; Middle Aged; Polyethylene; Postoperative Complications - etiology; Prospective Studies; Prosthesis Design; Prosthesis Failure; Reoperation; total hip arthroplasty; II; total hip arthroplasty; ceramic-on-ceramic; metal-on-metal; hard bearings; adverse local tissue reaction
• ISSN: 0883-5403; 1532-8406
• DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.01.019

Hard-on-hard (HoH) bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty (THA) are commonly utilized in younger patients and may decrease mechanical wear compared to polyethylene bearing surfaces. To our knowledge, no study has prospectively compared the 2 most common HoH bearings, ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) and metal-on-metal (MoM) THA.
We prospectively enrolled 40 patients to undergo an MoM THA and 42 patients to undergo a CoC THA utilizing the same acetabular component. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Comparative outcomes included clinical scores, revision or reoperation for any reason, complication rates, and radiographic outcomes.
The average follow-up was significantly longer in the CoC cohort (94 vs 74 months; P = .005). The CoC cohort had significantly improved Harris Hip Scores (95 vs 84; P = .0009) and pain scores (42 vs 34; P = .0003). The revision (0% vs 31%; P = .0001), reoperation (7.5% vs 36%; P = .004), and complication rates (10% vs 56%; P = .0001) were significantly lower in the CoC cohort. There were no statistically significant differences in radiographic parameters.
The clinical outcomes in the CoC cohort exceeded the MoM cohort. It is unlikely that another prospective comparative study of HoH THAs will be conducted. Our midterm results support the use of CoC THA as a viable option that may reduce long-term wear in younger patients. Close surveillance of MoM THA patients is recommended considering the higher failure and complication rates reported in this cohort.