Socio-environmental exercise preferences among older adults

• Published in: Preventive medicine Vol. 38; no. 6; pp. 804 - 811
• Main Authors: Cohen-Mansfield, Jiska, Marx, Marcia S, Biddison, James R, Guralnik, Jack M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-06-2004
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Educational Status; Exercise - psychology; Exercise attitudes; Exercise attributes; Female; Health Status; Humans; Incentives for physical activity; Male; Marital Status; Motivation; Motivation to exercise; Sex Distribution; Social Environment; Surveys and Questionnaires; Exercise attributes; Exercise attitudes; Motivation to exercise; Incentives for physical activity
• ISSN: 0091-7435; 1096-0260
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.01.007

Background. To examine preferences concerning social and environmental aspects of exercise in the elderly population.
Methods. Participants were 324 community-dwelling persons aged 74–85 years who completed a health questionnaire that included items on exercise preferences as well as questions on demographic variables, health, and exercise habits. Selected participants then completed a physical performance battery to measure lower body functioning.
Results. A physician's advice to exercise, monitoring by a health professional, an evaluation of the exercise program by a professional, and the quality of the instructor were all rated as important or very important by at least 70% of the participants. Several other factors such as easy access to exercise facilities, type of exercise performed, free or low cost of a program, and other participants being of the same age were rated as slightly important or important. Preferences were related to participants' health and demographic characteristics. For example, participants who were not married were more interested in the social aspects of exercise programs, and those with higher levels of education and more resources were less concerned with program costs.
Conclusions. The findings suggest that exercise programs should be tailored to meet the needs and wishes of subgroups of this population. In order to motivate at-risk elderly persons to exercise, programs must take these varying preferences into account and explore their meaning for program design.