GIWAXS Analysis on Preferred Orientation in Metal Halide Perovskite Films Via Alkylamines

• Published in: Electronic materials letters Vol. 18; no. 5; pp. 456 - 464
• Main Authors: Yoon, Haeun, Hong, Seungyeon, Lee, Sung Hun, Cho, In Hwa, Kim, Hyo Jung
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Seoul The Korean Institute of Metals and Materials 01-09-2022; Springer Nature B.V; 대한금속·재료학회
• Subjects: Alkylamines; Chains; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry and Materials Science; Condensed Matter Physics; Crystal structure; Crystallites; Materials Science; Metal halides; Nanotechnology; Nanotechnology and Microengineering; Optical and Electronic Materials; Original Article - Energy and Sustainability; Perovskites; Preferred orientation; X-ray scattering; 전자/정보통신공학; Crystal domain orientation; Perovskite solar cell; Alkylamine ligands; Grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS); Depth profiling
• ISSN: 1738-8090; 2093-6788
• DOI: 10.1007/s13391-022-00352-w

We investigated the effects of the alkyl chain length of alkylamine ligands (AALs), known to modify metal halide perovskite crystallites, on the preferential alignment of the CsFAMA crystal domains using two-dimensional grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (2D GIWAXS) measurements at various incident angles. In the absence of AALs, most (100) perovskite crystals were tilted 45° from the surface normal; the ratio of the 45°-tilted to isotropically oriented (100) crystals was similar in both the surface and bulk regions. However, in the presence of AALs, the 45°-tilted (100) crystals decreased, while the isotropically oriented (100) crystals increased, in both regions. In addition, vertically oriented (100) crystals were formed in the presence of AALs, which were observed only in the surface region of AALs with short alkyl lengths. As the alkyl chain length increased, vertically oriented (100) crystals appeared in both the surface and bulk regions of the film, i.e., the whole region of the film.
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