Proteins in Xylem Exudates from Rapeseed Plants (Brassica napus L.) Play a Crucial Role in Cadmium Phytoremediation

• Published in: Clean : soil, air, water Vol. 46; no. 10
• Main Authors: Jien, Shih‐Hao, Lin, Yong‐Hong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-10-2018
• Subjects: Amino acids; Analytical methods; Bioremediation; Brassica; Brassica napus; Cadmium; Carbohydrate metabolism; Carbohydrates; Cellular manufacture; Dimensional analysis; Electrophoresis; Energy metabolism; Environmental studies; Exudates; Exudation; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Metabolism; Organic acids; Oxidoreductions; Phytoremediation; Pollution control; Proteins; Rape plants; Rapeseed; Sediment pollution; Soil; Soil pollution; Transport; Transportation; two‐dimensional electrophoresis; Xylem
• ISSN: 1863-0650; 1863-0669
• DOI: 10.1002/clen.201700164

Phytoremediation is an economical and viable method for reducing cadmium (Cd) in polluted soils. Cd is transported from the roots to the stem. Binding of Cd by organic acids and amino acids and its subsequent transportation through plants via xylem vessels is verified. However, the roles that proteins play in Cd transport are still unclear. Rapeseed plants are selected for this study. After treating with Cd (0, 10, and 30 μmol L−1 (µM)), the proteins of the plant are analyzed using two‐dimensional electrophoresis. Twelve significantly differentially regulated spots are identified using mass spectrometry when the Cd concentration is increased; six of these spots are upregulated and six are downregulated. By identifying the functions of these proteins, transport of Cd to the xylem of rapeseed plants can be classified according to the cellular physiologies involved in carbohydrate metabolism, energy production, and redox damage reduction. This study provides a crucial basis for further proteomic and genetic studies on environmental Cd phytoremediation.
Phytoremediation is an economical and viable method for reducing cadmium (Cd) from polluted soils. The roles that proteins play in Cd transportation are still unclear. The transportation of Cd to the xylem of rape plants may be classified according to the cellular physiologies involved in carbohydrate metabolism, energy production, and redox damage reduction.