Assessment of the medium‐ to long‐term radiographically confirmed outcome for juvenile dogs with hip dysplasia treated with double pelvic osteotomy

• Published in: Veterinary surgery Vol. 49; no. 4; pp. 685 - 693
• Main Authors: Jenkins, Paul L., James, Daniel R., White, Joanna D., Black, Anthony P., Fearnside, Stephen M., Marchevsky, Andrew M., Miller, Amanda J., Cashmore, Ricky G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01-05-2020; Blackwell Publishing Ltd
• Subjects: Arthritis; Biomedical materials; Bone dysplasia; Correlation analysis; Dogs; Hip; Osteoarthritis; Osteotomy; Radiographs; Radiography; Surgery; Variance analysis
• ISSN: 0161-3499; 1532-950X
• DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13404

Objective
To assess the medium‐ to long‐term radiographically confirmed outcomes in juvenile dogs with hip dysplasia (HD) that did and did not undergo double pelvic osteotomy (DPO).
Study design
Retrospective case‐controlled.
Animals
Twenty‐six dogs with HD that were candidates for DPO; 22 dogs underwent DPO (16 bilateral, six unilateral); four dogs did not.
Methods
Initial and follow‐up radiographs of DPO candidates (2011‐2017) that did and did not undergo surgery were reviewed, and the British Veterinary Association and Kennel Club Hip Dysplasia Scheme score (BVA‐HD), osteoarthritis score (OAS) and laxity index score (LI) were determined. Baseline and follow‐up BVA‐HD, OAS, and change in radiographically confirmed scores were compared by using analysis of variance for correlated samples.
Results
There was no significant difference in BVA‐HD or OAS between surgically treated and nonsurgically treated cohorts at baseline. Follow‐up radiographs (median, 49 months) revealed that most (34/38) hips had a BVA‐HD ≤10 after DPO, while four of eight hips from the nonsurgical cohort had BVA‐HD >10. Follow‐up BVA‐HD and OAS were lower in hips after surgery (BVA‐HD median 2.15, interquartile range [Q1‐Q3] 1.3‐4.1; OAS median 1.9, Q1‐Q3 1.1‐4.1) compared with the nonsurgically treated cohort (BVA‐HD median 11.4, Q1‐Q3 8.1‐17.5, P < .01; OAS median 7.0, Q1‐Q3 5.1‐13.4, P < .01). Seven hips with an LI >1 had no radiographically confirmed progression of osteoarthritis after DPO.
Conclusion
Double pelvic osteotomy prevented radiographically confirmed progression of osteoarthritis in the medium‐ to long‐term. Laxity index score > 1 was not a contraindication for DPO in this study.
Clinical significance
Double pelvic osteotomy prevents progression of radiographically confirmed features of osteoarthritis in juvenile dogs with HD.