Intraosseous xanthoma of the mandible: A multi‐institutional case series with a literature review

• Published in: Journal of oral pathology & medicine Vol. 48; no. 10; pp. 935 - 942
• Main Authors: de Arruda, José Alcides Almeida, Almeida, Tatiana Fernandes Araújo, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, do Amaral, Márcio Bruno Figueiredo, Anbinder, Ana Lia, Flores, René Martínez, Agostini, Michelle, Romañach, Mário José, Silva, Tarcília Aparecida, de Andrade, Bruno Augusto Benevenuto, Mesquita, Ricardo Alves
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Denmark Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-11-2019
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Bone Neoplasms - diagnosis; Curettage; Dentistry; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; intraosseous; jaw; Literature reviews; Male; Mandible; Mandible - pathology; Maxillofacial; Middle Aged; Xanthoma; xanthomatosis; Xanthomatosis - diagnosis; Young Adult; Young adults; intraosseous; mandible; xanthoma; jaw; xanthomatosis
• ISSN: 0904-2512; 1600-0714
• DOI: 10.1111/jop.12940

Background
The aim of the present study was to report the clinicopathologic, radiographic and immunohistochemical features of five South American cases of intraosseous xanthomas of the mandible and to compare them to those detected in a literature review.
Methods
Clinical data were collected from the records of three Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology services in South America and compared with those compiled from a literature review based on a search of three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus). All cases were evaluated by haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry for CD68 and S‐100.
Results
The series comprised four females (80%) and one male (20%) with a mean age of 23.3 ± 10.9 years (range: 13‐45 years). In four cases, there was involvement of the posterior region of the mandible (80%). The lesions presented radiographically as unilocular (60%) radiolucencies with punched‐out margin (80%). All cases predominantly consisted of CD68‐positive and S‐100‐negative xanthomatous cells. No recurrences were observed after curettage, with a median follow‐up of 27 months.
Conclusion
Intraosseous xanthoma of the jaws is a rare benign disorder. We report here five additional cases affecting the mandible, for a total of 36 cases of the jaws reported in the literature. Overall, this lesion has predilection for posterior sites of the mandible of asymptomatic young adults.