Bioaccumulation of lead (Pb) and its effects on human: A review

Bioaccumulation of lead (Pb) and its effects on human: A review

•This review article discusses in detail the health effects in humans due to long-term exposure to lead.•The article also illustrates the complications when the blood lead level in both men and women is more.•The oxidative stress that occurs in the human cells causing severe cell damage has also bee...

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Published in:Journal of hazardous materials advances Vol. 7; p. 100094
Main Authors: Collin, M Samuel, Venkatraman, Senthil Kumar, Vijayakumar, Naveensubramaniam, Kanimozhi, V, Arbaaz, S Muhammad, Stacey, R G Sibiya, Anusha, Jogannagari, Choudhary, Rajan, Lvov, Vladislav, Tovar, Gabriel Ibrahin, Senatov, Fedor, Koppala, Sivasankar, Swamiappan, Sasikumar
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier B.V 01-08-2022
Subjects:
Heavy Metals
Lead
Lead Accumulation
Lead in Plants
Lead Toxicity
Pollutant
Lead
Pollutant
Heavy Metals
Lead Accumulation
Lead in Plants
Lead Toxicity
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Abstract •This review article discusses in detail the health effects in humans due to long-term exposure to lead.•The article also illustrates the complications when the blood lead level in both men and women is more.•The oxidative stress that occurs in the human cells causing severe cell damage has also been discussed.•Finally, the preventive measures and the treatment for lead toxicity and lead accumulation have been discussed along with chelation therapy. Lead is a prevalent heavy metal that pollutes the environment and accumulates in the human body via absorption, bioavailability, bioconcentration, and biomagnification disrupts the neurological, skeletal, reproductive, hematopoietic, renal, and cardiovascular systems. Lead's distinctive physical and chemical characteristics make it ideal for a variety of uses. It has been linked to human activities for ages and is harmful to health. This review article examines the long-term health consequences of lead exposure in humans. Acute and chronic symptoms of lead poisoning include kidney, brain, reproductive organ, and CNS/PNS damage. Toxic metals have a long half-life in the bone matrix and brain (2–3 years), causing neurological problems and bone loss. The article also shows the problems of high BPb in both men and women during pregnancy. Renal system blood lead levels of 30–60 g/dL may cause kidney failure in severe circumstances. The oxidative stress that occurs in human cells has also been explored. Finally, lead poisoning and lead buildup prevention and therapy have been reviewed. The use of micronutrients and antioxidants has demonstrated a reduction in harmful effects. Adults with BPb >45 g/dL should have chelation, whereas children should receive succimer. [Display omitted]
AbstractList •This review article discusses in detail the health effects in humans due to long-term exposure to lead.•The article also illustrates the complications when the blood lead level in both men and women is more.•The oxidative stress that occurs in the human cells causing severe cell damage has also been discussed.•Finally, the preventive measures and the treatment for lead toxicity and lead accumulation have been discussed along with chelation therapy. Lead is a prevalent heavy metal that pollutes the environment and accumulates in the human body via absorption, bioavailability, bioconcentration, and biomagnification disrupts the neurological, skeletal, reproductive, hematopoietic, renal, and cardiovascular systems. Lead's distinctive physical and chemical characteristics make it ideal for a variety of uses. It has been linked to human activities for ages and is harmful to health. This review article examines the long-term health consequences of lead exposure in humans. Acute and chronic symptoms of lead poisoning include kidney, brain, reproductive organ, and CNS/PNS damage. Toxic metals have a long half-life in the bone matrix and brain (2–3 years), causing neurological problems and bone loss. The article also shows the problems of high BPb in both men and women during pregnancy. Renal system blood lead levels of 30–60 g/dL may cause kidney failure in severe circumstances. The oxidative stress that occurs in human cells has also been explored. Finally, lead poisoning and lead buildup prevention and therapy have been reviewed. The use of micronutrients and antioxidants has demonstrated a reduction in harmful effects. Adults with BPb >45 g/dL should have chelation, whereas children should receive succimer. [Display omitted]
ArticleNumber 100094
Author Anusha, Jogannagari
Tovar, Gabriel Ibrahin
Venkatraman, Senthil Kumar
Swamiappan, Sasikumar
Stacey, R G Sibiya
Collin, M Samuel
Lvov, Vladislav
Vijayakumar, Naveensubramaniam
Senatov, Fedor
Koppala, Sivasankar
Choudhary, Rajan
Kanimozhi, V
Arbaaz, S Muhammad
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: M Samuel
  surname: Collin
  fullname: Collin, M Samuel
  organization: Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Senthil Kumar
  surname: Venkatraman
  fullname: Venkatraman, Senthil Kumar
  organization: Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Naveensubramaniam
  surname: Vijayakumar
  fullname: Vijayakumar, Naveensubramaniam
  organization: Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
– sequence: 4
  givenname: V
  surname: Kanimozhi
  fullname: Kanimozhi, V
  organization: Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
– sequence: 5
  givenname: S Muhammad
  surname: Arbaaz
  fullname: Arbaaz, S Muhammad
  organization: Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
– sequence: 6
  givenname: R G Sibiya
  surname: Stacey
  fullname: Stacey, R G Sibiya
  organization: Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Jogannagari
  surname: Anusha
  fullname: Anusha, Jogannagari
  organization: Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Rajan
  surname: Choudhary
  fullname: Choudhary, Rajan
  organization: Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, Riga, LV-1007, Latvia
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Vladislav
  surname: Lvov
  fullname: Lvov, Vladislav
  organization: National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Leninskiy Pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Gabriel Ibrahin
  surname: Tovar
  fullname: Tovar, Gabriel Ibrahin
  organization: Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Junín 956, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Fedor
  surname: Senatov
  fullname: Senatov, Fedor
  organization: National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Leninskiy Pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Sivasankar
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4086-030X
  surname: Koppala
  fullname: Koppala, Sivasankar
  email: pepsiva9@gmail.com
  organization: Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Sasikumar
  surname: Swamiappan
  fullname: Swamiappan, Sasikumar
  email: ssasikumar@vit.ac.in
  organization: Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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Keywords Lead
Pollutant
Heavy Metals
Lead Accumulation
Lead in Plants
Lead Toxicity
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SubjectTerms Heavy Metals
Lead
Lead Accumulation
Lead in Plants
Lead Toxicity
Pollutant
Title Bioaccumulation of lead (Pb) and its effects on human: A review
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