Sliding Mode Based Load Frequency Control and Power Smoothing of Power Systems with Wind and BESS Penetration

• Published in: Machines (Basel) Vol. 10; no. 12; p. 1225
• Main Authors: Deng, Zhiwen, Xu, Chang, Huo, Zhihong, Han, Xingxing, Xue, Feifei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-12-2022
• Subjects: Adaptive control; Algorithms; Analysis; battery energy storage; Buildings and facilities; Control methods; Control theory; Controllers; Design; Electrical loads; Energy; Energy management systems; Energy storage; Frequency control; Frequency stability; Fuzzy control; Generators; Green technology; load frequency control; Methods; Penetration; Sliding mode control; Subsystems; Twisting; wind farm; Wind farms; Wind power; wind power smoothing
• ISSN: 2075-1702; 2075-1702
• DOI: 10.3390/machines10121225

This study aims to maintain the frequency stability of the power system penetrated by wind power. Hence, a battery energy storage system (BESS) is applied to smooth the wind power output in power systems and to enhance their load frequency control (LFC) capacity. A novel comprehensive control framework is proposed for power systems integrated with wind farms and BESS based on an adaptive fuzzy super-twisting sliding mode control (AF-SSMC) method. Firstly, the sliding functions and control laws of subsystems are designed according to different relative degrees. Then, the super-twisting algorithm is applied to suppress the chattering of the sliding mode control law. Furthermore, an adaptive fuzzy control method is used to adjust the control gains online for better control performance of the controllers. The Lyapunov stability theory is employed to prove the asymptotic stability of the subsystems. The model of an interconnected thermal power system with wind and BESS penetration is also constructed for simulation analyses. The results indicate that the AF-SSMC method effectively reduces the chattering, and the proposed framework stabilizes the frequency of the power system under system uncertainties and external disturbances. Moreover, the wind farm and BESS combined system accurately tracks a reference power to reduce wind power fluctuations.