Post-surgical deep vein thrombosis prevention: evaluation of the risk/benefit ratio of fractionated and unfractionated heparin

• Published in: Current medical research and opinion Vol. 12; no. 9; p. 572
• Main Authors: Garcea, D, Martuzzi, F, Santelmo, N, Savoia, M, Casertano, M G, Furno, A, Ruggeri, V
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England 1992
• Subjects: Aged; Cholelithiasis - surgery; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Hemorrhage - etiology; Heparin - adverse effects; Heparin - therapeutic use; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight - adverse effects; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight - therapeutic use; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms - surgery; Odds Ratio; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Postoperative Complications - blood; Postoperative Complications - prevention & control; Risk Factors; Thrombophlebitis - prevention & control
• ISSN: 0300-7995
• DOI: 10.1185/03007999209111524

An open controlled study was carried out to assess the efficacy and tolerance of a new low molecular weight heparin for the prevention of post-surgical deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Forty-five patients undergoing abdominal surgery mainly for neoplasm, gallstones and gastric ulcers were administered 7,500 AXaU of low molecular weight heparin subcutaneously, 2 hours before surgery and once a day for 7 days after. Heparin calcium (15,000 IU subcutaneously per day) was used as a comparison drug in 45 control subjects, matched for age, sex and type of operation. Deep vein thrombosis was identified with clinical parameters, radio-labelled fibrinogen uptake test, echo-doppler and venography; pulmonary embolism with clinical examination, chest X-rays and/or scintigraphy. No episodes of deep vein thrombosis occurred in the low molecular weight heparin-treated patients, whilst there was 1 episode, without pulmonary embolism, in the control group. The consumption of blood and haemoderivatives for transfusions was higher in the heparin calcium group. Only in this group, furthermore, did 5 patients have to suspend antithrombotic treatment due to severe haemorrhages. General tolerance of the two drugs was identical and very good.