Waterpipe Use and Its Cardiovascular Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control, Cross-Sectional, and Non-Randomized Studies

Approximately 100 million people globally smoke cigarettes, making it a significant and quickly spreading global tobacco epidemic. Substance use disorders are frequently evaluated by non-randomized studies. Tobacco use and its impacts on the cardiovascular system were the subjects of a comprehensive...

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Published in:	Curēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 15; no. 2; p. e34802
Main Authors:	Mahfooz, Kamran, Vasavada, Advait M, Joshi, Arpit, Pichuthirumalai, Srikrishnan, Andani, Rupesh, Rajotia, Arush, Hans, Aakash, Mandalia, Bilvesh, Dayama, Neeraj, Younas, Zara, Hafeez, Nosheen, Bheemisetty, Niharika, Patel, Yash, Tumkur Ranganathan, Hemalatha, Sodala, Ashok
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Cureus Inc 09-02-2023 Cureus
Subjects:	Bias Cardiology Cardiovascular disease Cigarettes Epidemiology/Public Health Fatalities Laboratories Meta-analysis Smoking Statistical analysis Substance Use and Addiction Systematic review Tobacco Water pipes cardiovascular disease heated tobacco products non-randomized studies tobacco use disorder waterpipe
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Abstract	Approximately 100 million people globally smoke cigarettes, making it a significant and quickly spreading global tobacco epidemic. Substance use disorders are frequently evaluated by non-randomized studies. Tobacco use and its impacts on the cardiovascular system were the subjects of a comprehensive search across five electronic databases: Cochrane, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed. The findings demonstrated that waterpipe smokers in comparison to non-smokers have immediate elevations in heart rate and blood pressure, lower levels of high-density lipoprotein, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein, higher levels of triglycerides, higher levels of fasting blood glucose, and a higher heart rate. Users of waterpipes and cigarettes had similar average heart rates, blood pressure, and lipid levels, with the exception that waterpipe smokers had greater total cholesterol. Smoking a waterpipe has significant negative effects on the cardiovascular system comparable to cigarette smoking, and non-randomized studies proved to yield substantial evidence related to its cardiovascular effects. Such study designs can be used to evaluate substance use and its cardiovascular impact.
AbstractList	Approximately 100 million people globally smoke cigarettes, making it a significant and quickly spreading global tobacco epidemic. Substance use disorders are frequently evaluated by non-randomized studies. Tobacco use and its impacts on the cardiovascular system were the subjects of a comprehensive search across five electronic databases: Cochrane, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and PubMed. The findings demonstrated that waterpipe smokers in comparison to non-smokers have immediate elevations in heart rate and blood pressure, lower levels of high-density lipoprotein, higher levels of low-density lipoprotein, higher levels of triglycerides, higher levels of fasting blood glucose, and a higher heart rate. Users of waterpipes and cigarettes had similar average heart rates, blood pressure, and lipid levels, with the exception that waterpipe smokers had greater total cholesterol. Smoking a waterpipe has significant negative effects on the cardiovascular system comparable to cigarette smoking, and non-randomized studies proved to yield substantial evidence related to its cardiovascular effects. Such study designs can be used to evaluate substance use and its cardiovascular impact.
Author	Sodala, Ashok Rajotia, Arush Hans, Aakash Bheemisetty, Niharika Joshi, Arpit Mahfooz, Kamran Younas, Zara Dayama, Neeraj Andani, Rupesh Mandalia, Bilvesh Pichuthirumalai, Srikrishnan Hafeez, Nosheen Tumkur Ranganathan, Hemalatha Vasavada, Advait M Patel, Yash
AuthorAffiliation	9 House Officer, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital and Medical College, Sion Mumbai, Mumbai, IND 4 Medicine, B. J. (Byramjee Jeejeebhoy) Medical, Ahmedabad, IND 7 Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA 10 Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA 5 Internal Medicine, Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru, IND 6 Internal Medicine, Jeevandhara Hospital, Jamnagar, IND 11 Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PAK 12 Pediatrics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA 2 Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA 14 Medicine, Mandya Institute of Medical Science, Mandya, IND 1 Internal Medicine, Lincoln Medical Center, New York, USA 13 Medicine, Gujarat Cancer Society Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND 8 Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA 3 Medicine, Shri M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, IND
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 2 Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA – name: 4 Medicine, B. J. (Byramjee Jeejeebhoy) Medical, Ahmedabad, IND – name: 8 Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA – name: 13 Medicine, Gujarat Cancer Society Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND – name: 10 Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA – name: 7 Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA – name: 9 House Officer, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital and Medical College, Sion Mumbai, Mumbai, IND – name: 12 Pediatrics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA – name: 6 Internal Medicine, Jeevandhara Hospital, Jamnagar, IND – name: 11 Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PAK – name: 14 Medicine, Mandya Institute of Medical Science, Mandya, IND – name: 1 Internal Medicine, Lincoln Medical Center, New York, USA – name: 3 Medicine, Shri M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, IND – name: 5 Internal Medicine, Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru, IND
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Kamran surname: Mahfooz fullname: Mahfooz, Kamran organization: Internal Medicine, Lincoln Medical Center, New York, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Advait M surname: Vasavada fullname: Vasavada, Advait M organization: Medicine, Shri M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, IND – sequence: 3 givenname: Arpit surname: Joshi fullname: Joshi, Arpit organization: Medicine, B. J. (Byramjee Jeejeebhoy) Medical, Ahmedabad, IND – sequence: 4 givenname: Srikrishnan surname: Pichuthirumalai fullname: Pichuthirumalai, Srikrishnan organization: Internal Medicine, Sakra World Hospital, Bengaluru, IND – sequence: 5 givenname: Rupesh surname: Andani fullname: Andani, Rupesh organization: Internal Medicine, Jeevandhara Hospital, Jamnagar, IND – sequence: 6 givenname: Arush surname: Rajotia fullname: Rajotia, Arush organization: Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Aakash surname: Hans fullname: Hans, Aakash organization: Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Bilvesh surname: Mandalia fullname: Mandalia, Bilvesh organization: House Officer, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital and Medical College, Sion Mumbai, Mumbai, IND – sequence: 9 givenname: Neeraj surname: Dayama fullname: Dayama, Neeraj organization: Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA – sequence: 10 givenname: Zara surname: Younas fullname: Younas, Zara organization: Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PAK – sequence: 11 givenname: Nosheen surname: Hafeez fullname: Hafeez, Nosheen organization: Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, PAK – sequence: 12 givenname: Niharika surname: Bheemisetty fullname: Bheemisetty, Niharika organization: Pediatrics, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA – sequence: 13 givenname: Yash surname: Patel fullname: Patel, Yash organization: Medicine, Gujarat Cancer Society Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND – sequence: 14 givenname: Hemalatha surname: Tumkur Ranganathan fullname: Tumkur Ranganathan, Hemalatha organization: Medicine, Mandya Institute of Medical Science, Mandya, IND – sequence: 15 givenname: Ashok surname: Sodala fullname: Sodala, Ashok organization: Medicine, Shri M. P. Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, IND
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36915837$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Copyright	Copyright © 2023, Mahfooz et al. Copyright © 2023, Mahfooz et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Copyright © 2023, Mahfooz et al. 2023 Mahfooz et al.
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Keywords	cardiovascular disease heated tobacco products non-randomized studies tobacco use disorder waterpipe
Language	English
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Snippet	Approximately 100 million people globally smoke cigarettes, making it a significant and quickly spreading global tobacco epidemic. Substance use disorders are...
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SubjectTerms	Bias Cardiology Cardiovascular disease Cigarettes Epidemiology/Public Health Fatalities Laboratories Meta-analysis Smoking Statistical analysis Substance Use and Addiction Systematic review Tobacco Water pipes
Title	Waterpipe Use and Its Cardiovascular Effects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control, Cross-Sectional, and Non-Randomized Studies
URI	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36915837 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2793312611 https://search.proquest.com/docview/2786814091 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC10008028
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