How anammox responds to the emerging contaminants: Status and mechanisms

• Published in: Journal of environmental management Vol. 293; p. 112906
• Main Authors: Wang, Ye, Ji, Xiao-Ming, Jin, Ren-Cun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01-09-2021
• Subjects: Anammox; Emerging contaminants; Inhibition; Metabolic mechanism; Metabolic mechanism; Anammox; Inhibition; Emerging contaminants
• ISSN: 0301-4797; 1095-8630
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112906

Numerous researches have been carried out to study the effects of emerging contaminants in wastewater, such as antibiotics, nanomaterials, heavy metals, and microplastics, on the anammox process. However, they are fragmented and difficult to provide a comprehensive understanding of their effects on reactor performance and the metabolic mechanisms in anammox bacteria. Therefore, this paper overviews the effects on anammox processes by the introduced emerging contaminants in the past years to fulfill such knowledge gaps that affect our perception of the inhibitory mechanisms and limit the optimization of the anammox process. In detail, their effects on anammox processes from the aspects of reactor performance, microbial community, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and functional genes related to anammox and nitrogen transformation in anammox consortia are summarized. Furthermore, the metabolic mechanisms causing the cell death of anammox bacteria, such as induction of reactive oxygen species, limitation of substrates diffusion, and membrane binding are proposed. By offering this review, the remaining research gaps are identified, and the potential metabolic mechanisms in anammox consortia are highlighted.
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•Anammox process is feasible for specific wastewater treatment containing emerging pollutants.•The effects of different emerging pollutants on anammox processes are summarized.•The metabolic mechanisms causing inhibition to anammox bacteria are proposed.•Molecular-level understanding of the inhibitory effect is important.