Friction induced paint damage—A novel method for objective assessment of painted engineering plastics
Engineered injection molded plastics are now common substrates of choice for painted bumper fascias in the automotive industry. A major challenge for painted fascias involves potential warranty costs associated with various tribological scenarios that can result in moderate to severe paint delaminat...
Saved in:
| Published in: | Wear Vol. 203; pp. 350 - 361 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier B.V
01-03-1997
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Abstract | Engineered injection molded plastics are now common substrates of choice for painted bumper fascias in the automotive industry. A major challenge for painted fascias involves potential warranty costs associated with various tribological scenarios that can result in moderate to severe paint delamination. Preliminary failure analysis performed on field specimens indicate surface damage in majority of cases to be ‘cohesive’, within the surface layers of the substrate. This failure mode is typical of polyolefinic substrates such as impact modified polypropylenes and referred to in this work as friction induced damage (FID).
A specially designed computer controlled laboratory device and an approach to objectively assess FID to painted plastics based on optical observations of test specimens and measurements of total energy consumed during the sliding process are described in this paper. This device simulates FID performance similar to those observed in the field. This work, to our knowledge, is the first of its kind describing FID phenomenon, and its quantitative assessment. Ranking of painted plastics for FID based on this device has aided in the implementation of robust substrate/painted material systems with proven improvement in surface durability. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Engineered injection molded plastics are now common substrates of choice for painted bumper fascias in the automotive industry. A major challenge for painted fascias involves potential warranty costs associated with various tribological scenarios that can result in moderate to severe paint delamination. Preliminary failure analysis performed on field specimens indicate surface damage in majority of cases to be "cohesive", within the surface layers of the substrate. This failure mode is typical of polyolefinic substrates such as impact modified polypropylenes and referred to in this work as friction induced damage (FID). A specially designed computer controlled laboratory device and an approach to objectively assess FID to painted plastics based on optical observations of test specimens and measurements of total energy consumed during the sliding process are described in this paper. This device simulates FID performance similar to those observed in the field. This work is believed to be the first of its kind describing FID phenomenon, and its quantitative assessment. Ranking of painted plastics for FID based on this device has aided in the implementation of robust substrate/painted material systems with proven improvement in surface durability. Engineered injection molded plastics are now common substrates of choice for painted bumper fascias in the automotive industry. A major challenge for painted fascias involves potential warranty costs associated with various tribological scenarios that can result in moderate to severe paint delamination. Preliminary failure analysis performed on field specimens indicate surface damage in majority of cases to be ‘cohesive’, within the surface layers of the substrate. This failure mode is typical of polyolefinic substrates such as impact modified polypropylenes and referred to in this work as friction induced damage (FID). A specially designed computer controlled laboratory device and an approach to objectively assess FID to painted plastics based on optical observations of test specimens and measurements of total energy consumed during the sliding process are described in this paper. This device simulates FID performance similar to those observed in the field. This work, to our knowledge, is the first of its kind describing FID phenomenon, and its quantitative assessment. Ranking of painted plastics for FID based on this device has aided in the implementation of robust substrate/painted material systems with proven improvement in surface durability. |
| Author | Ramamurthy, A.C. Charest, J.A. Lilly, M.D. Mihora, D.J. Freese, J.W. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: A.C. surname: Ramamurthy fullname: Ramamurthy, A.C. organization: Ford Motor Company, ACD/Coatings, Dearborn, MI, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: J.A. surname: Charest fullname: Charest, J.A. organization: DYNASEN Inc., Goleta, CA, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: M.D. surname: Lilly fullname: Lilly, M.D. organization: DYNASEN Inc., Goleta, CA, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: D.J. surname: Mihora fullname: Mihora, D.J. organization: F M Analysts Inc., Santa Barbara, CA, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: J.W. surname: Freese fullname: Freese, J.W. organization: Freese Enterprise Inc., Plymouth, MI, USA |
| BookMark | eNqFkM1KAzEURoMoWKuPIGQluhjNTH5mshIRq0LBhd2HTHJTU2aSmkwL7nwIn9AncbTi1tXdfOfAPUdoP8QACJ2W5LIkpbh6JoTRohSsOZfigtSM04LtoUnZ1LSoeF3vo8nf5BAd5bwihJSSiwlazpI3g48B-2A3Bixeax8GbHWvl_D5_nGDQ9xCh3sYXqLFLiYc2xWMzBawzhly7mEEotuRowHC0geA5MMSrzudB2_yMTpwustw8nunaDG7W9w-FPOn-8fbm3lhKG2GQlNGtCZcsEpSY4mseeO4o0IawaUB2lojjXNtYxtwVlTWtYI3rWGMcdnSKTrbadcpvm4gD6r32UDX6QBxk1UluKiYbMYh3w1NijkncGqdfK_TmyqJ-q6qfqqq72RKCvVTVbGRu95xMD6x9ZBUNh7CGM6nMYqy0f9j-AKCgoQw |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_porgcoat_2004_09_005 crossref_primary_10_3390_polym13223933 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_porgcoat_2011_12_009 crossref_primary_10_1016_S0043_1648_99_00037_X crossref_primary_10_1007_BF02698026 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_porgcoat_2021_106472 crossref_primary_10_3390_nano13162346 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_porgcoat_2007_09_006 crossref_primary_10_1016_S0043_1648_96_07452_2 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/0300-9440(94)00502-8 10.1002/app.1978.070220824 10.1002/pol.1973.180110512 10.1007/BF00541032 10.1002/pol.1973.180110513 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 1997 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 1997 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 7SR 7TB 8FD FR3 JG9 |
| DOI | 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Engineered Materials Abstracts Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts Technology Research Database Engineering Research Database Materials Research Database |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Materials Research Database Engineered Materials Abstracts Engineering Research Database Technology Research Database Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts |
| DatabaseTitleList | Materials Research Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering |
| EISSN | 1873-2577 |
| EndPage | 361 |
| ExternalDocumentID | 10_1016_S0043_1648_96_07453_4 S0043164896074534 |
| GroupedDBID | --K --M .~1 0R~ 123 1B1 1~. 1~5 29R 4.4 457 4G. 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JN AABNK AABXZ AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAEPC AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAXUO ABFNM ABMAC ABNUV ABXDB ABXRA ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFS ACNNM ACRLP ADBBV ADEZE ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEKER AENEX AEZYN AFKWA AFRZQ AFTJW AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHJVU AHPOS AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV AKURH ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BJAXD BKOJK BLXMC CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD ENUVR EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HVGLF HZ~ H~9 IHE J1W JJJVA KOM LY7 M24 M41 MAGPM MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG RNS ROL RPZ SCU SDF SDG SDP SES SET SEW SMS SPC SPCBC SSG SSM SST SSZ T5K WUQ ZMT ~02 ~G- AAXKI AAYXX AFJKZ AKRWK CITATION 7SR 7TB 8FD FR3 JG9 |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c338t-a340aa0564293cd09758f5f369c659ce3bdc9cffb8d8efd62dfb658bc44459b3 |
| ISSN | 0043-1648 |
| IngestDate | Fri Oct 25 09:15:57 EDT 2024 Thu Sep 26 15:48:29 EDT 2024 Fri Feb 23 02:28:42 EST 2024 |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | TPO Friction induced damage (FID) |
| Language | English |
| LinkModel | OpenURL |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c338t-a340aa0564293cd09758f5f369c659ce3bdc9cffb8d8efd62dfb658bc44459b3 |
| Notes | SourceType-Scholarly Journals-2 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Conference Paper-1 content type line 23 SourceType-Conference Papers & Proceedings-1 ObjectType-Article-3 |
| PQID | 26562498 |
| PQPubID | 23500 |
| PageCount | 12 |
| ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_26562498 crossref_primary_10_1016_S0043_1648_96_07453_4 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_S0043_1648_96_07453_4 |
| PublicationCentury | 1900 |
| PublicationDate | 1997-03-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 1997-03-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 03 year: 1997 text: 1997-03-01 day: 01 |
| PublicationDecade | 1990 |
| PublicationTitle | Wear |
| PublicationYear | 1997 |
| Publisher | Elsevier B.V |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier B.V |
| References | M.J. Pickles, A.C. Ramamurthy and I.M. Hutchings., in preparation. Ferry (BIB17) 1980 Birley, Haworth, Barchelor (BIB20) 1992 Ramamurthy, Lorenzen, Bless (BIB1) 1994; 25 A.C. Ramamurthy, B.N. Lucas, W.C. Oliver, S. Srinivasan and E. Lau, Spatially resolved Dynamic mechanical measurements of Thermopolyolefinic (TPO's) Cross Sections, in preparation. S. Srinivasan, D & S Plastics, Grand Prairie, TX, personal communication, October 1996. Bowman, Harris, Bevis (BIB10) 1975; 10 Zehnder, Ramamurthy (BIB3) 1995 Kinloch, Young (BIB18) 1988 Clark (BIB9) 1974; 24 Tan, Kamal (BIB11) 1978; 22 I.M. Hutchings, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, personal communication, May 1996. Kausch (BIB16) 1978 Mihora, Ramamurthy (BIB5) 1997 Rutherford, Trezona, Ramamurthy, Hutchings (BIB4) 1997 Ward, Hudley (BIB19) 1993 Evans, Lancaster (BIB21) 1979; 13 Fitchmun, Mencik (BIB7) 1973; 11 Mencik, Fitchmun (BIB8) 1973; 11 Shah, Srinivasn, Edge, Michael, Ramamurthy (BIB14) 1995 Balman, Toor, Balman, Toor (BIB12) 1960; 38 Synnott, Sheidan, Kontos (BIB6) 1990 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB22 Kausch (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB16) 1978 Bowman (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB10) 1975; 10 Balman (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB12_2) 1960; 38 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB15 Mihora (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB5) 1997 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB13 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB2 Birley (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB20) 1992 Synnott (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB6) 1990 Ramamurthy (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB1) 1994; 25 Ferry (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB17) 1980 Mencik (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB8) 1973; 11 Ward (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB19) 1993 Balman (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB12_1) 1960; 38 Shah (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB14) 1995 Tan (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB11) 1978; 22 Zehnder (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB3) 1995 Rutherford (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB4) 1997 Clark (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB9) 1974; 24 Evans (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB21) 1979; 13 Kinloch (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB18) 1988 Fitchmun (10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB7) 1973; 11 |
| References_xml | – year: 1997 ident: BIB4 publication-title: paper accepted for contributor: fullname: Hutchings – year: 1988 ident: BIB18 article-title: Fracture Behavior of Polymers contributor: fullname: Young – year: 1997 ident: BIB5 publication-title: manuscript submitted to contributor: fullname: Ramamurthy – volume: 10 start-page: 63 year: 1975 ident: BIB10 publication-title: J. Mater. Sci. contributor: fullname: Bevis – year: 1990 ident: BIB6 publication-title: Thermoplastic Elastomers from Rubber-Plastic Blends contributor: fullname: Kontos – year: 1978 ident: BIB16 article-title: Polymer Fracture contributor: fullname: Kausch – volume: 38 start-page: 113 year: 1960 ident: BIB12 publication-title: Molding Plastics contributor: fullname: Toor – volume: 11 start-page: 951 year: 1973 ident: BIB7 publication-title: J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. contributor: fullname: Mencik – year: 1995 ident: BIB3 publication-title: paper presented at contributor: fullname: Ramamurthy – year: 1980 ident: BIB17 article-title: Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers contributor: fullname: Ferry – year: 1993 ident: BIB19 article-title: An Introduction to the Mechanical Properties of Solid Polymers contributor: fullname: Hudley – volume: 22 start-page: 2341 year: 1978 ident: BIB11 publication-title: J. Appl. Polymer Sci. contributor: fullname: Kamal – year: 1992 ident: BIB20 article-title: Physics of Plastics contributor: fullname: Barchelor – volume: 24 start-page: 45 year: 1974 ident: BIB9 publication-title: Appl. Polym. Symp. contributor: fullname: Clark – year: 1995 ident: BIB14 publication-title: paper presented at contributor: fullname: Ramamurthy – volume: 25 start-page: 43 year: 1994 end-page: 71 ident: BIB1 article-title: Stone impact damage to automotive paint finishes: An introduction to impact physics and impact induced corrosion publication-title: Prog. Org. Coat. contributor: fullname: Bless – volume: 13 start-page: 86 year: 1979 ident: BIB21 article-title: The wear of polymers publication-title: Treatise Mater. Sci. Technol. contributor: fullname: Lancaster – volume: 11 start-page: 973 year: 1973 ident: BIB8 publication-title: J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. contributor: fullname: Fitchmun – volume: 25 start-page: 43 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB1 article-title: Stone impact damage to automotive paint finishes: An introduction to impact physics and impact induced corrosion publication-title: Prog. Org. Coat. doi: 10.1016/0300-9440(94)00502-8 contributor: fullname: Ramamurthy – year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB19 contributor: fullname: Ward – ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB22 – year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB4 contributor: fullname: Rutherford – ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB15 – year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB18 contributor: fullname: Kinloch – ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB13 – year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB6 contributor: fullname: Synnott – volume: 13 start-page: 86 year: 1979 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB21 article-title: The wear of polymers publication-title: Treatise Mater. Sci. Technol. contributor: fullname: Evans – year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB3 contributor: fullname: Zehnder – volume: 24 start-page: 45 year: 1974 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB9 contributor: fullname: Clark – year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB14 contributor: fullname: Shah – volume: 22 start-page: 2341 year: 1978 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB11 publication-title: J. Appl. Polymer Sci. doi: 10.1002/app.1978.070220824 contributor: fullname: Tan – year: 1978 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB16 contributor: fullname: Kausch – volume: 38 start-page: 205 year: 1960 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB12_2 publication-title: Molding Plastics contributor: fullname: Balman – year: 1997 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB5 contributor: fullname: Mihora – volume: 11 start-page: 951 year: 1973 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB7 publication-title: J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. doi: 10.1002/pol.1973.180110512 contributor: fullname: Fitchmun – year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB20 contributor: fullname: Birley – volume: 38 start-page: 113 year: 1960 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB12_1 publication-title: Molding Plastics contributor: fullname: Balman – ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB2 – year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB17 contributor: fullname: Ferry – volume: 10 start-page: 63 year: 1975 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB10 publication-title: J. Mater. Sci. doi: 10.1007/BF00541032 contributor: fullname: Bowman – volume: 11 start-page: 973 year: 1973 ident: 10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4_BIB8 publication-title: J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. doi: 10.1002/pol.1973.180110513 contributor: fullname: Mencik |
| SSID | ssj0001956 |
| Score | 1.5932069 |
| Snippet | Engineered injection molded plastics are now common substrates of choice for painted bumper fascias in the automotive industry. A major challenge for painted... |
| SourceID | proquest crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Aggregation Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 350 |
| SubjectTerms | Friction induced damage (FID) TPO |
| Title | Friction induced paint damage—A novel method for objective assessment of painted engineering plastics |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07453-4 https://search.proquest.com/docview/26562498 |
| Volume | 203 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://sdu.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3JbhQxELUmyQUOiFXs-MABNOpm0nb32MdWMhFEhEtGIjervZFBTHc0mebMR_CFfAnlpReIEIvEpTUqeZFcb8pVdvkVQs-1rGCTAg0wZSFAsZomjBubqH1rcgmmkmt_dHE6f3fGDhd0MZl05dEG2X_VNMhA1-7l7F9oux8UBPAbdA5f0Dp8_0jvR5uVigmMunWX-xcQ-2-nulqD5ehSG2g5rZvP5lMsIO1zDRv5MRi_adWzdfp8aNcfxjEDc6GrPe35nceu7fuQkhtvjdbVut1sgwrL9CAdpRG4aiAePGnZi9-uYsnrk_SwF56szptNuI9Kj9PhfCJwu5Lx-cTVhzPBEDtm1CKQbKYm2F42JwlYkPnYOGczMjKvJJDUxp2aBBr3K5tAOI847ecAV52DxB0D5N2boh85tn1b1xTiOdeI7qC9DCwXGM698s3i7Ljf3N3zyi5pwXUYHoW9GiZ8wYuXcbJfuTs_bfzem1neRDdiGILLgJ9baGLq2-j6iJzyDvrQIQlHJGGPBByQ9O3L1xJ7DOGAIQwYwj2G8IAh3FgcMYRHGMIdhu6i5dFiefA6iWU5EkUI2yYVobOqAscZXBmi9IxDyGlzSwquipwrQ6RWXFkrmWbG6iLTVoKfKxWlNOeS3EO7dVOb-wjnMxcPExd0MHAk95kLFxxloNRzail9gNJu8cRFIF8RQ1YirLZwqy14IfxqC-jAuiUW0YMMnqEAbPyu67NOJQIsrLs2q2rTtJcig5Ano5w9_PfBH6Frw1_jMdrdblrzBO1c6vZpBNh3DiaYbQ |
| link.rule.ids | 315,782,786,27933,27934 |
| linkProvider | Elsevier |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Friction+induced+paint+damage%E2%80%94A+novel+method+for+objective+assessment+of+painted+engineering+plastics&rft.jtitle=Wear&rft.au=Ramamurthy%2C+A.C.&rft.au=Charest%2C+J.A.&rft.au=Lilly%2C+M.D.&rft.au=Mihora%2C+D.J.&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+B.V&rft.issn=0043-1648&rft.eissn=1873-2577&rft.volume=203&rft.spage=350&rft.epage=361&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2FS0043-1648%2896%2907453-4&rft.externalDocID=S0043164896074534 |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0043-1648&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0043-1648&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0043-1648&client=summon |