Neuropharmacological and antibacterial effects of the ethyl acetate extract of Diospyros malabarica (Ebenaceae) seeds

• Published in: Clinical phytoscience Vol. 4; no. 1; pp. 1 - 8
• Main Authors: Sharmin, Tusnova, Sultana, Razia, Hossain, Farzana, Shakil, Shahriar Kabir, Hossen, Foysal, Rashid, Md. Mamun Or
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 18-09-2018; Springer Nature B.V; SpringerOpen
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Antibacterial; Antibacterial activity; Antidepressant; Antidepressants; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Anxiety; Anxiolytic; Anxiolytics; D. malabarica; Diabetes; Diospyros malabarica; Drug development; Ethyl acetate; Exploratory behavior; Flowering; Gastroenterology; Gram-negative bacteria; Gynecology; Indigenous plants; Medicinal plants; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Occupancy; Original Contribution; Pediatrics; Pneumology/Respiratory System; Seeds; γ-Aminobutyric acid A receptors; Antidepressant; Anxiolytic; Antibacterial
• ISSN: 2199-1197; 2199-1197
• DOI: 10.1186/s40816-018-0083-x

Background
Diospyros malabarica
is a well known flowering plant indigenous to Indian subcontinent which is used in folklore medicine for several purposes. Our study is designed to assess the neuropharmacological and antibacterial efficacy of the ethyl acetate extract of
D. malabarica
seeds.
Methods
The behavioral anxiolytic activities of the extract were assessed by using open field (OFT), hole cross (HCT), elevated plus maze (EPZ), hole board (HBT), light dark test (LDT); and antidepressant activities through forced swimming (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Antimicrobial potential was assessed through disc diffusion method.
Results
In OFT and HCT, the extract treated groups significantly (*
p
 < 0.05) decrease the movement of animals when compared to vehicle-treated group. Higher dose (400 mg/kg b.w.) of extract greatly increased the spending time in open arm of EPZ, which endorses anxiolytic-like behavior of extract. The observed effect may be due to binding of any phytoconstituent with GABA
A
receptor. HBT and LDT results support the exploratory behavior of mice. The extract significantly decreased the immobility time in FST (20.71% for 200 mg/kg, and 31.59% for 400 mg/kg extract) and TST, which indicates the occupancy of antidepressant-active constituents. Gram negative bacteria were susceptible to extract than Gram positive strains; however the antimicrobial effect is not significant, hence trivial to declare.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates the possession of significant anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of
D. malabarica
extract which could be helpful for drug development program. Before potential therapeutic use, finding of the exact phytoconstituents with their mechanisms, and clinical trial are recommended.