Emergence of fractal cosmic space from fractional quantum gravity

• Published in: European physical journal plus Vol. 138; no. 9; p. 862
• Main Authors: da Silva Júnior, P. F., de Oliveira Costa, E. W., Jalalzadeh, S.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 28-09-2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Applied and Technical Physics; Atomic; Calculus; Complex Systems; Condensed Matter Physics; Cosmology; Dark energy; Dark matter; Entropy; Fractal models; Fractals; Gravity; Mathematical and Computational Physics; Molecular; Optical and Plasma Physics; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Quantum field theory; Quantum gravity; Regular Article; Spacetime; String theory; Theoretical; Thermodynamics; Universe
• ISSN: 2190-5444; 2190-5444
• DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04506-z

Based on Padmanabhan’s theory, the spatial expansion of the Universe can be explained by the emergence of space as cosmic time progresses. To further explore this idea, we have developed fractional-fractal Friedmann and Raychaudhuri equations for an isotropic and homogeneous universe. Our analysis has also delved into how Padmanabhan’s concept fits into the framework of fractional quantum gravity. Our research shows that a fractal horizon model strongly supports the validity of the emerging Universe paradigm and its connection to horizon thermodynamics. This study indicates early how the emergent gravity perspective might manifest in quantum gravity. By utilizing the fractional-fractal Friedmann and Raychaudhuri equations, we have established that the mainstream cosmology model can be justified without a dark matter component. As a result, the standard
Λ
CDM
model has been reduced to
Λ
-cold baryonic matter, which has significant implications for our understanding of the Universe.