Neural networks that co-ordinate locomotion and body orientation in lamprey

The networks of the brainstem and spinal cord that co-ordinate locomotion and body orientation in lamprey are described. The cycle-to-cycle pattern generation of these networks is produced by interacting glutamatergic and glycinergic neurones, with NMDA receptor—channels playing an important role at...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in Neurosciences Vol. 18; no. 6; pp. 270 - 279
Main Authors: Grillner, S., Deliagina, T., El Manira, A., Hill, R.H., Orlovsky, G.N., Wallén, P., Ekeberg, Ö., Lansner, A.
Format: Book Review Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 1995
Elsevier Science
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Summary:The networks of the brainstem and spinal cord that co-ordinate locomotion and body orientation in lamprey are described. The cycle-to-cycle pattern generation of these networks is produced by interacting glutamatergic and glycinergic neurones, with NMDA receptor—channels playing an important role at lower rates of locomotion. The fine tuning of the networks produced by 5-HT, dopamine and GABA systems involves a modulation of Ca 2+-dependent K + channels, high- and low-threshold voltage-activated Ca 2+ channels and presynaptic inhibitory mechanisms. Mathematical modelling has been used to explore the capacity of these biological networks. The vestibular control of body orientation during swimming is exerted via reticulospinal neurones located in different reticular nuclei. These neurones become activated maximally at different angles of tilt.
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ISSN:0166-2236
1878-108X
DOI:10.1016/0166-2236(95)80008-P