Measuring Disease Exacerbation and Flares in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comparison of Commonly Used Disease Activity Indices and Individual Measures

To evaluate and compare the utility of commonly used outcome measures for assessing disease exacerbation or flare in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Data from the Dutch Potential Optimalisation of (Expediency) and Effectiveness of Tumor necrosis factor-α blockers (POET) study, in which 462...

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Published in:	Journal of rheumatology Vol. 44; no. 8; pp. 1118 - 1124
Main Authors:	Voshaar, Martijn A H Oude, Moghadam, Marjan Ghiti, Vonkeman, Harald E, Ten Klooster, Peter M, van Schaardenburg, Dirkjan, Tekstra, Janneke, Visser, Henk, van de Laar, Mart A F J, Jansen, Tim L
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Canada 01-08-2017
Subjects:	Aged Antirheumatic Agents - therapeutic use Arthritis, Rheumatoid - diagnosis Arthritis, Rheumatoid - drug therapy Disease Progression Female Humans Male Middle Aged Pain Measurement Severity of Illness Index Symptom Assessment Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - antagonists & inhibitors RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR INHIBITORS DISEASE ACTIVITY REMISSION
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Abstract	To evaluate and compare the utility of commonly used outcome measures for assessing disease exacerbation or flare in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Data from the Dutch Potential Optimalisation of (Expediency) and Effectiveness of Tumor necrosis factor-α blockers (POET) study, in which 462 patients discontinued their tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor, were used. The ability of different measures to discriminate between those with and without physician-reported flare or medication escalation at the 3-month visit (T2) was evaluated by calculating effect size (ES) statistics. Responsiveness to increased disease activity was compared between measures by standardizing change scores (SCS) from baseline to the 3-month visit. Finally, the incremental validity of individual outcome measures beyond the Simplified Disease Activity Score was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. The SCS were greater for disease activity indices than for any of the individual measures. The 28-joint Disease Activity Score, Clinical Disease Activity Index, and Simplified Disease Activity Index performed similarly. Pain and physician's (PGA) and patient's global assessment (PtGA) of disease activity were the most responsive individual measures. Similar results were obtained for discriminative ability, with greatest ES for disease activity indices followed by pain, PGA, and PtGA. Pain was the only measure to demonstrate incremental validity beyond SDAI in predicting 3-month flare status. These results support the use of composite disease activity indices, patient-reported pain and disease activity, and physician-reported disease activity for measuring disease exacerbation or identifying flares of RA. Physical function, acute-phase response, and the auxiliary measures fatigue, participation, and emotional well-being performed poorly.
AbstractList	To evaluate and compare the utility of commonly used outcome measures for assessing disease exacerbation or flare in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Data from the Dutch Potential Optimalisation of (Expediency) and Effectiveness of Tumor necrosis factor-α blockers (POET) study, in which 462 patients discontinued their tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor, were used. The ability of different measures to discriminate between those with and without physician-reported flare or medication escalation at the 3-month visit (T2) was evaluated by calculating effect size (ES) statistics. Responsiveness to increased disease activity was compared between measures by standardizing change scores (SCS) from baseline to the 3-month visit. Finally, the incremental validity of individual outcome measures beyond the Simplified Disease Activity Score was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. The SCS were greater for disease activity indices than for any of the individual measures. The 28-joint Disease Activity Score, Clinical Disease Activity Index, and Simplified Disease Activity Index performed similarly. Pain and physician's (PGA) and patient's global assessment (PtGA) of disease activity were the most responsive individual measures. Similar results were obtained for discriminative ability, with greatest ES for disease activity indices followed by pain, PGA, and PtGA. Pain was the only measure to demonstrate incremental validity beyond SDAI in predicting 3-month flare status. These results support the use of composite disease activity indices, patient-reported pain and disease activity, and physician-reported disease activity for measuring disease exacerbation or identifying flares of RA. Physical function, acute-phase response, and the auxiliary measures fatigue, participation, and emotional well-being performed poorly. OBJECTIVETo evaluate and compare the utility of commonly used outcome measures for assessing disease exacerbation or flare in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).METHODSData from the Dutch Potential Optimalisation of (Expediency) and Effectiveness of Tumor necrosis factor-α blockers (POET) study, in which 462 patients discontinued their tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor, were used. The ability of different measures to discriminate between those with and without physician-reported flare or medication escalation at the 3-month visit (T2) was evaluated by calculating effect size (ES) statistics. Responsiveness to increased disease activity was compared between measures by standardizing change scores (SCS) from baseline to the 3-month visit. Finally, the incremental validity of individual outcome measures beyond the Simplified Disease Activity Score was evaluated using logistic regression analysis.RESULTSThe SCS were greater for disease activity indices than for any of the individual measures. The 28-joint Disease Activity Score, Clinical Disease Activity Index, and Simplified Disease Activity Index performed similarly. Pain and physician's (PGA) and patient's global assessment (PtGA) of disease activity were the most responsive individual measures. Similar results were obtained for discriminative ability, with greatest ES for disease activity indices followed by pain, PGA, and PtGA. Pain was the only measure to demonstrate incremental validity beyond SDAI in predicting 3-month flare status.CONCLUSIONThese results support the use of composite disease activity indices, patient-reported pain and disease activity, and physician-reported disease activity for measuring disease exacerbation or identifying flares of RA. Physical function, acute-phase response, and the auxiliary measures fatigue, participation, and emotional well-being performed poorly.
Author	Visser, Henk van de Laar, Mart A F J van Schaardenburg, Dirkjan Jansen, Tim L Moghadam, Marjan Ghiti Ten Klooster, Peter M Voshaar, Martijn A H Oude Tekstra, Janneke Vonkeman, Harald E
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Martijn A H Oude surname: Voshaar fullname: Voshaar, Martijn A H Oude organization: M.A. Oude Voshaar, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; M. Ghiti Moghadam, MD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; H.E. Vonkeman, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; P.M. ten Klooster, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; D. van Schaardenburg, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center and Reade Medical Center; J. Tekstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht; H. Visser, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Rijnstate Medical Center; M.A. van de Laar, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; T.L. Jansen, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Viecuri Medical Center – sequence: 2 givenname: Marjan Ghiti surname: Moghadam fullname: Moghadam, Marjan Ghiti email: marjan.ghitimoghadam@uzleuven.be, marjan.ghitimoghadam@uzleuven.be organization: M.A. Oude Voshaar, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; M. Ghiti Moghadam, MD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; H.E. Vonkeman, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; P.M. ten Klooster, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; D. van Schaardenburg, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center and Reade Medical Center; J. Tekstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht; H. Visser, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Rijnstate Medical Center; M.A. van de Laar, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; T.L. Jansen, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Viecuri Medical Center. marjan.ghitimoghadam@uzleuven.be – sequence: 3 givenname: Harald E surname: Vonkeman fullname: Vonkeman, Harald E organization: M.A. Oude Voshaar, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; M. Ghiti Moghadam, MD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; H.E. Vonkeman, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; P.M. ten Klooster, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; D. van Schaardenburg, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center and Reade Medical Center; J. Tekstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht; H. Visser, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Rijnstate Medical Center; M.A. van de Laar, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; T.L. 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Vonkeman, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; P.M. ten Klooster, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; D. van Schaardenburg, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center and Reade Medical Center; J. Tekstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht; H. Visser, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Rijnstate Medical Center; M.A. van de Laar, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; T.L. Jansen, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Viecuri Medical Center – sequence: 5 givenname: Dirkjan surname: van Schaardenburg fullname: van Schaardenburg, Dirkjan organization: M.A. Oude Voshaar, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; M. Ghiti Moghadam, MD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; H.E. Vonkeman, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; P.M. ten Klooster, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; D. van Schaardenburg, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center and Reade Medical Center; J. Tekstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht; H. Visser, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Rijnstate Medical Center; M.A. van de Laar, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; T.L. Jansen, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Viecuri Medical Center – sequence: 6 givenname: Janneke surname: Tekstra fullname: Tekstra, Janneke organization: M.A. Oude Voshaar, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; M. Ghiti Moghadam, MD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; H.E. Vonkeman, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; P.M. ten Klooster, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; D. van Schaardenburg, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center and Reade Medical Center; J. Tekstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht; H. Visser, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Rijnstate Medical Center; M.A. van de Laar, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; T.L. Jansen, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Viecuri Medical Center – sequence: 7 givenname: Henk surname: Visser fullname: Visser, Henk organization: M.A. Oude Voshaar, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; M. Ghiti Moghadam, MD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; H.E. Vonkeman, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; P.M. ten Klooster, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; D. van Schaardenburg, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center and Reade Medical Center; J. Tekstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht; H. Visser, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Rijnstate Medical Center; M.A. van de Laar, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; T.L. Jansen, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Viecuri Medical Center – sequence: 8 givenname: Mart A F J surname: van de Laar fullname: van de Laar, Mart A F J organization: M.A. Oude Voshaar, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; M. Ghiti Moghadam, MD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; H.E. Vonkeman, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; P.M. ten Klooster, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; D. van Schaardenburg, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center and Reade Medical Center; J. Tekstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht; H. Visser, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Rijnstate Medical Center; M.A. van de Laar, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; T.L. Jansen, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Viecuri Medical Center – sequence: 9 givenname: Tim L surname: Jansen fullname: Jansen, Tim L organization: M.A. Oude Voshaar, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; M. Ghiti Moghadam, MD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Leuven, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; H.E. Vonkeman, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; P.M. ten Klooster, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente; D. van Schaardenburg, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, VU University Medical Center and Reade Medical Center; J. Tekstra, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht; H. Visser, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Rijnstate Medical Center; M.A. van de Laar, MD, PhD, Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Psychology, Health and Technology, University of Twente, and Arthritis Center Twente, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Spectrum Twente; T.L. Jansen, MD, PhD, Department of Rheumatology, Viecuri Medical Center
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PublicationYear	2017
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Snippet	To evaluate and compare the utility of commonly used outcome measures for assessing disease exacerbation or flare in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).... OBJECTIVETo evaluate and compare the utility of commonly used outcome measures for assessing disease exacerbation or flare in patients with rheumatoid...
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SubjectTerms	Aged Antirheumatic Agents - therapeutic use Arthritis, Rheumatoid - diagnosis Arthritis, Rheumatoid - drug therapy Disease Progression Female Humans Male Middle Aged Pain Measurement Severity of Illness Index Symptom Assessment Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - antagonists & inhibitors
Title	Measuring Disease Exacerbation and Flares in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Comparison of Commonly Used Disease Activity Indices and Individual Measures
URI	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28507187 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1899404937
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