Spatio-temporal Variability of Trends in Extreme Climatic Indices across India

• Published in: KSCE journal of civil engineering Vol. 28; no. 6; pp. 2537 - 2551
• Main Authors: Sankaran, Adarsh, Madhusudanan, Soorya Gayathri, Ndehedehe, Christopher, Nair, Arathy Nair Geetha Raveendran
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Seoul Korean Society of Civil Engineers 01-06-2024; Springer Nature B.V; 대한토목학회
• Subjects: Civil Engineering; Engineering; Eris (dwarf planet); Extreme weather; Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences; Global climate; Industrial Pollution Prevention; Precipitation; Rainfall; Statistical analysis; Temporal variations; Trend analysis; Trends; Variability; Water Resources and Hydrologie Engineering; 토목공학; India; Trend; Rainfall; Temperature; Spatial variability; Climate Indices
• ISSN: 1226-7988; 1976-3808
• DOI: 10.1007/s12205-024-1192-3

This study analysed the spatio-temporal variability in the trend of 9 extreme rainfall indices (ERIs) and 4 extreme temperature indices (ETIs) over India, estimated from 1° × 1° resolution daily datasets of 1951–2015 period. The trend analysis showed that 20% of grids exhibited a significant increase in Simple Daily Intensity Index (SDII) series, while Consecutive Wet Day (CWD) index of 32% of the grids exhibited significant reduction. The CWD index showed significant decrease in all the rainfall homogeneous regions of India, while the indices of heavy rainfall (R95p and R99p) and SDII showed significant increase in North East and North West regions. All the ETIs of North West India showed significant rise while the warm and cold spell duration indices showed significant increase in the North Central region and Eastern Coast. The temporal variability of trend analysed about the global climate shift of 1977 revealed that tropical nights of 21% grids with significant reduction prior to the shift showed a significant rise after the shift. In general, a significant change in statistical characteristics in ETI series is noticed after the climatic shift deciphering that the non-stationarity of ETI is more apparent than that of ERI across the Indian mainland.