Association between newly diagnosed hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus, atherogenic index of plasma and obesity in post-COVID-19 syndrome patients

• Published in: Endocrine Vol. 84; no. 2; pp. 470 - 480
• Main Authors: Emiroglu, Canan, Dicle, Murat, Yesiloglu, Cem, Gorpelioglu, Suleyman, Aypak, Cenk
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01-05-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Atherosclerosis - blood; Atherosclerosis - epidemiology; Atherosclerosis - etiology; Blood Glucose - analysis; Body Mass Index; Comorbidity; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - blood; COVID-19 - complications; COVID-19 - epidemiology; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology; Endocrinology; Female; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Hyperglycemia; Hyperglycemia - blood; Hyperglycemia - complications; Hyperglycemia - epidemiology; Hyperlipidemia; Internal Medicine; Male; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Middle Aged; multidisciplinary; Obesity; Obesity - blood; Obesity - complications; Obesity - epidemiology; Original Article; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2; Science; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; COVID-19; Obesity; Hyperglycemia; Post-acute-COVID-19 syndromes; Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 1559-0100; 1355-008X; 1559-0100
• DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03611-4

Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic represents a great global concern and its associated morbidities. The goal of this study was to determine the incidence of newly diagnosed hyperglycemia and diabetes among COVID-19 survivors and to evaluate whether obesity and lipid profile have an effect on this group using the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP).
Methods
In the retrospective study, 511 adults with a previously diagnosed “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2” who admitted to COVID-19 follow-up outpatient clinic were evaluated. Data was collected on patient demographics, comorbidities, and some laboratory results. Logistic regression was used to estimate associated factors.
Results
Newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was defined in 17 patients (3.32%), hyperglycemia in 86 patients (16.82%). The results of analysis were examined, gender, age, BMI and triglyceride variables were found to be significant risk factors together. Fasting blood glucose values of 22 out of 86 patients with hyperglycemia returned to normal after six months of follow-up. Undiagnosed-preexisting DM in 4 out of 17 patients diagnosed with T2DM at their first visit and in 7 out of 8 hyperglycemia patients diagnosed with T2DM at the end of six-month follow-up.
Conclusion
COVID-19, may directly/indirectly, predispose to hyperglycemia. Obesity and hyperlipidemia are risk factors for newly diagnosed T2DM/hyperglycemia in post-COVID-19 syndrome patients. Since that some metabolic variables were found to be significantly higher in the group with high AIP values, we suggest that AIP might be used as a reference to predict the development of obesity and T2DM.