Narrative review on nanoparticles based on current evidence: therapeutic agents for diabetic foot infection

• Published in: Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology Vol. 397; no. 9; pp. 6275 - 6297
• Main Authors: Saleem, Mohd, Syed Khaja, Azharuddin Sajid, Moursi, Soha, Altamimi, Tahani Almofeed, Alharbi, Mohammed Salem, Usman, Kauser, Khan, Mohd Shahid, Alaskar, Alwaleed, Alam, Mohammad Jahoor
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-09-2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Amputation; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Biocompatibility; Biodegradability; Biomaterials; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Chitosan; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic Foot - drug therapy; Drug Carriers - chemistry; Drug delivery; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Hyaluronic acid; Inorganic compounds; Microenvironments; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Review; Wound healing; Wound Healing - drug effects; Wound infection; Nanoparticles; Diabetic wounds; Biocompatibility; Drug delivery systems; Nanodrug delivery systems
• ISSN: 0028-1298; 1432-1912; 1432-1912
• DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03094-8

Diabetes’s effects on wound healing present a major treatment challenge and increase the risk of amputation. When traditional therapies fail, new approaches must be investigated. With their submicron size and improved cellular internalisation, nanoparticles present a viable way to improve diabetic wound healing. They are attractive options because of their innate antibacterial qualities, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Nanoparticles loaded with organic or inorganic compounds, or embedded in biomimetic matrices such as hydrogels, chitosan, and hyaluronic acid, exhibit excellent anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. Drug delivery systems (DDSs)—more precisely, nanodrug delivery systems (NDDSs)—use the advantages of nanotechnology to get around some of the drawbacks of traditional DDSs. Recent developments show how expertly designed nanocarriers can carry a variety of chemicals, transforming the treatment of diabetic wounds. Biomaterials that deliver customised medications to the wound microenvironment demonstrate potential. Delivery techniques for nanomedicines become more potent than ever, overcoming conventional constraints. Therapeutics for diabetes-induced non-healing wounds are entering a revolutionary era thanks to precisely calibrated nanocarriers that effectively distribute chemicals. This review highlights the therapeutic potential of nanoparticles and outlines the multifunctional nanoparticles of the future that will be used for complete wound healing in diabetics. The investigation of novel nanodrug delivery systems has the potential to revolutionise diabetic wound therapy and provide hope for more efficient and focused therapeutic approaches.