Stable quantum-correlated many-body states through engineered dissipation

• Published in: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) Vol. 383; no. 6689; pp. 1332 - 1337
• Main Authors: Mi, X, Michailidis, A A, Shabani, S, Miao, K C, Klimov, P V, Lloyd, J, Rosenberg, E, Acharya, R, Aleiner, I, Andersen, T I, Ansmann, M, Arute, F, Arya, K, Asfaw, A, Atalaya, J, Bardin, J C, Bengtsson, A, Bortoli, G, Bourassa, A, Bovaird, J, Brill, L, Broughton, M, Buckley, B B, Buell, D A, Burger, T, Burkett, B, Bushnell, N, Chen, Z, Chiaro, B, Chik, D, Chou, C, Cogan, J, Collins, R, Conner, P, Courtney, W, Crook, A L, Curtin, B, Dau, A G, Debroy, D M, Del Toro Barba, A, Demura, S, Di Paolo, A, Drozdov, I K, Dunsworth, A, Erickson, C, Faoro, L, Farhi, E, Fatemi, R, Ferreira, V S, Burgos, L F, Forati, E, Fowler, A G, Foxen, B, Genois, É, Giang, W, Gidney, C, Gilboa, D, Giustina, M, Gosula, R, Gross, J A, Habegger, S, Hamilton, M C, Hansen, M, Harrigan, M P, Harrington, S D, Heu, P, Hoffmann, M R, Hong, S, Huang, T, Huff, A, Huggins, W J, Ioffe, L B, Isakov, S V, Iveland, J, Jeffrey, E, Jiang, Z, Jones, C, Juhas, P, Kafri, D, Kechedzhi, K, Khattar, T, Khezri, M, Kieferová, M, Kim, S, Kitaev, A, Klots, A R, Korotkov, A N, Kostritsa, F, Kreikebaum, J M, Landhuis, D, Laptev, P, Lau, K-M, Laws, L, Lee, J, Lee, K W, Lensky, Y D, Lester, B J, Lill, A T, Liu, W, Locharla, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States The American Association for the Advancement of Science 22-03-2024
• Subjects: Computers; Correlation; Dissipation; Ising model; Microprocessors; Quantum computers; Quantum theory; Simulators
• ISSN: 0036-8075; 1095-9203
• DOI: 10.1126/science.adh9932

Engineered dissipative reservoirs have the potential to steer many-body quantum systems toward correlated steady states useful for quantum simulation of high-temperature superconductivity or quantum magnetism. Using up to 49 superconducting qubits, we prepared low-energy states of the transverse-field Ising model through coupling to dissipative auxiliary qubits. In one dimension, we observed long-range quantum correlations and a ground-state fidelity of 0.86 for 18 qubits at the critical point. In two dimensions, we found mutual information that extends beyond nearest neighbors. Lastly, by coupling the system to auxiliaries emulating reservoirs with different chemical potentials, we explored transport in the quantum Heisenberg model. Our results establish engineered dissipation as a scalable alternative to unitary evolution for preparing entangled many-body states on noisy quantum processors.