Generation of a Real-Life Battery Usage Pattern for Electrical Vehicle Application and Aging Comparison With the WLTC Profile

• Published in: IEEE transactions on vehicular technology Vol. 70; no. 6; pp. 5618 - 5627
• Main Authors: Ben-Marzouk, Mohamed, Pelissier, Serge, Clerc, Guy, Sari, Ali, Venet, Pascal
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01-06-2021; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE); Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Subjects: Acceleration; Aging; Automobiles; Batteries; classification; driving modes; Electric power; Electric vehicle; Electric vehicles; Engineering Sciences; Entropy; Entropy (Information theory); life-size experimentation; Light duty vehicles; Mathematical analysis; modes of use; Principal components analysis; Temperature measurement; Vehicles; WLTC; driving modes; batteries; Electric vehicle; life-size experimentation; classification; WLTC; modes of use
• ISSN: 0018-9545; 1939-9359
• DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2021.3077671

The process of determination of batteries lifespan for a specific application generally contains some aging tests. Most of the time, these tests used simplified power or current profiles designed specially to be as representative as possible of the reality. The use of a real profile could improve the reliability of the approach but needs to know how to select the typical profile from an available database. This article shows the methodology used to analyze a database of 10 electric vehicles monitored during 2 years. Different mathematical methods (Pearson and Spearman coefficient of correlation, Shannon entropy, principal component analysis, K-means, ...) were applied to sort the essential variables and classify the uses of the vehicle. Representative classes of uses were then gathered to constitute a profile used in aging tests. The aging results with this real-life type profile and with an adjusted WLTC (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycles) profile are presented and compared. The effectiveness of the use of the WLTC profile for aging tests in real life automotive application is shown.