Role of clinical, molecular, and serological features in the diagnosis of parvovirus B19 infection in children

• Published in: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease Vol. 109; no. 4; p. 116300
• Main Authors: Onel, Mustafa, Varkal, Muhammet Ali, Yildiz, Ismail, Guven, Ozlem, Unuvar, Emin, Uysal, Hayriye Kırkoyun, Agacfidan, Ali
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-08-2024
• Subjects: Adolescent; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Child; Child, Preschool; Children; Diagnosis; DNA, Viral - blood; ELISA; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Erythema Infectiosum - blood; Erythema Infectiosum - diagnosis; Erythema Infectiosum - immunology; Female; Human Parvovirus B19; Humans; Immunoglobulin M - blood; Infant; Male; Parvoviridae Infections - blood; Parvoviridae Infections - diagnosis; Parvoviridae Infections - immunology; Parvoviridae Infections - virology; Parvovirus B19, Human - genetics; Parvovirus B19, Human - immunology; Parvovirus B19, Human - isolation & purification; PCR; Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods; Sensitivity and Specificity; Serologic Tests - methods; Human Parvovirus B19; Children; Diagnosis; PCR; ELISA
• ISSN: 0732-8893; 1879-0070
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116300

•RT-PCR plays an important role in the diagnosis of Parvovirus B19.•Parvovirus B19 DNA and IgM together appear to be a better method for diagnosis.•RT-PCR is recommended in patients with immunosuppression or chronic disease.
Parvovirus B19(B19) is a DNA virus. The most common B19 disease is erythema infectiosum (fifth-disease). PCR and ELISA are sensitive for detecting of acute disease. However, it is not clear which test better and the relationship between laboratory tests and clinical findings.
To discuss the clinical and laboratory characteristics of pediatric patients infected with B19.
236 children were examined. Children with at least one positive molecular or serological test were included. Positive serum B19-DNA and/or B19-IgM was considered an acute B19 infection.
B19DNA was detected in 80.8 % of acute cases. Serological tests were less positive. Acute B19 infection was observed in 24 patients. Only 17 patients were positive for B19 DNA, 3 for IgM and 4 for both. The sensitivity of B19 DNA is 87.5 %. However, this rate is 29.2 % for B19 IgM.
B19-DNA and IgM together provide a better, highly accurate diagnosis.