Solid helium-3

• Published in: Journal of low temperature physics Vol. 135; no. 5-6; pp. 695 - 721
• Main Author: ADAMS, E. Dwight
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Heidelberg Springer 01-06-2004
• Subjects: Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties; Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties; Exact sciences and technology; Films (including physical adsorption); Magnetic properties and materials; Physics; Quantum fluids and solids; liquid and solid helium; Solid helium and related quantum crystals; Melting; Cooling; Solid helium 3; Helium 3; Helium films; Ferromagnetism; Magnetic properties
• ISSN: 0022-2291; 1573-7357
• DOI: 10.1023/B:JOLT.0000029515.95893.7c

Research on solid 3He is reviewed beginning with the first predictions of expected behavior, which were made even before sufficient quantities were available for experimentation. The main emphasis is on the magnetic properties and physical quantities such as the melting pressure that are intimately related to magnetic properties. The discussion follows the historical sequence of discovery from the earliest experiments that were limited by cooling technology. Our understanding of the magnetically ordered phases, including the ferromagnetically ordered hcp phase is presented, concluding with some current research. Only bulk 3He is discussed, which omits many topics of recent interest such as confined geometries, adsorbed films, and helium surfaces. Brief comments are made on the connection between research on solid 3He and the research interests of 011i Lounasmaa.