Investigating variability in the frequency of fire use in the archaeological record of Late Pleistocene Europe
The primary focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which the pattern of Neandertal fire use in southwest France occurred at other times and places during the European Late Pleistocene. In previous studies, both direct and indirect data showed a pattern of limited fire use in layers associat...
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Published in: | Archaeological and anthropological sciences Vol. 14; no. 4 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Journal Article |
Language: | English |
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01-04-2022
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Abstract | The primary focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which the pattern of Neandertal fire use in southwest France occurred at other times and places during the European Late Pleistocene. In previous studies, both direct and indirect data showed a pattern of limited fire use in layers associated with colder intervals in MIS 4 and 3 and more frequent evidence of fire use in those from warmer periods in MIS 5. One possible explanation for this pattern is that Neandertals were harvesting fire from naturally occurring fires. To test the uniformity of this pattern in other geographic regions and climatic conditions, we expanded our analysis to a wider range of paleoenvironmental contexts beyond those found in southwest France, which included new data from five Middle Paleolithic sites and one Upper Paleolithic site. The subsequent analyses of burned flints suggested that Neandertal use of fire was not frequent when climate regimes were colder, and was more variable and frequent during warmer periods. In fact, the study sites did not show abundant evidence for fire use, especially during colder climatic intervals. Such a result provides strong support for the argument of Dibble et al. about the contextuality of the pattern of fire use during Late Pleistocene Europe. We suggest that environmental variables, such as local climate and geographic contexts, influenced the pattern of fire use during the European Late Pleistocene regardless of the marine isotope stages represented at these sites. |
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AbstractList | The primary focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which the pattern of Neandertal fire use in southwest France occurred at other times and places during the European Late Pleistocene. In previous studies, both direct and indirect data showed a pattern of limited fire use in layers associated with colder intervals in MIS 4 and 3 and more frequent evidence of fire use in those from warmer periods in MIS 5. One possible explanation for this pattern is that Neandertals were harvesting fire from naturally occurring fires. To test the uniformity of this pattern in other geographic regions and climatic conditions, we expanded our analysis to a wider range of paleoenvironmental contexts beyond those found in southwest France, which included new data from five Middle Paleolithic sites and one Upper Paleolithic site. The subsequent analyses of burned flints suggested that Neandertal use of fire was not frequent when climate regimes were colder, and was more variable and frequent during warmer periods. In fact, the study sites did not show abundant evidence for fire use, especially during colder climatic intervals. Such a result provides strong support for the argument of Dibble et al. about the contextuality of the pattern of fire use during Late Pleistocene Europe. We suggest that environmental variables, such as local climate and geographic contexts, influenced the pattern of fire use during the European Late Pleistocene regardless of the marine isotope stages represented at these sites. Abstract The primary focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which the pattern of Neandertal fire use in southwest France occurred at other times and places during the European Late Pleistocene. In previous studies, both direct and indirect data showed a pattern of limited fire use in layers associated with colder intervals in MIS 4 and 3 and more frequent evidence of fire use in those from warmer periods in MIS 5. One possible explanation for this pattern is that Neandertals were harvesting fire from naturally occurring fires. To test the uniformity of this pattern in other geographic regions and climatic conditions, we expanded our analysis to a wider range of paleoenvironmental contexts beyond those found in southwest France, which included new data from five Middle Paleolithic sites and one Upper Paleolithic site. The subsequent analyses of burned flints suggested that Neandertal use of fire was not frequent when climate regimes were colder, and was more variable and frequent during warmer periods. In fact, the study sites did not show abundant evidence for fire use, especially during colder climatic intervals. Such a result provides strong support for the argument of Dibble et al. about the contextuality of the pattern of fire use during Late Pleistocene Europe. We suggest that environmental variables, such as local climate and geographic contexts, influenced the pattern of fire use during the European Late Pleistocene regardless of the marine isotope stages represented at these sites. |
ArticleNumber | 62 |
Author | Schurr, Theodore G. Sandgathe, Dennis M. McPherron, Shannon P. Olszewski, Deborah I. Abdolahzadeh, Aylar Dibble, Harold L. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Aylar orcidid: 0000-0002-4811-3640 surname: Abdolahzadeh fullname: Abdolahzadeh, Aylar email: aylarabd@sas.upenn.edu organization: Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania – sequence: 2 givenname: Shannon P. orcidid: 0000-0002-2063-468X surname: McPherron fullname: McPherron, Shannon P. organization: Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology – sequence: 3 givenname: Dennis M. orcidid: 0000-0002-0998-7345 surname: Sandgathe fullname: Sandgathe, Dennis M. organization: Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University – sequence: 4 givenname: Theodore G. orcidid: 0000-0001-9323-9237 surname: Schurr fullname: Schurr, Theodore G. organization: Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania – sequence: 5 givenname: Deborah I. orcidid: 0000-0003-1350-1210 surname: Olszewski fullname: Olszewski, Deborah I. organization: Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania – sequence: 6 givenname: Harold L. surname: Dibble fullname: Dibble, Harold L. organization: Department of Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania |
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Snippet | The primary focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which the pattern of Neandertal fire use in southwest France occurred at other times and places... Abstract The primary focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which the pattern of Neandertal fire use in southwest France occurred at other times and... |
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SubjectTerms | Anthropology Archaeology Chemistry/Food Science Climatic conditions Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Fires Geography Life Sciences Neanderthals Original Paper Paleolithic Pleistocene |
Title | Investigating variability in the frequency of fire use in the archaeological record of Late Pleistocene Europe |
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