A new model of Algal Turf Scrubber for bioremediation and biomass production using seaweed aquaculture principles

An increase in the use of macroalgal biomass for different applications is required in development of efficient cultivation systems and low-cost culture media. With this in mind, the present work proposes modifications to the Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS) system inducing the establishment of a monospeci...

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Published in:	Journal of applied phycology Vol. 33; no. 4; pp. 2577 - 2586
Main Authors:	Salvi, Kely Paula, da Silva Oliveira, Willian, Horta, Paulo Antunes, Rörig, Leonardo Rubi, de Oliveira Bastos, Eduardo
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-08-2021 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Algae Aquaculture Biomass Biomedical and Life Sciences Bioremediation Cultivation Culture media Dosage Ecology Freshwater & Marine Ecology Growth rate Jute Life Sciences Maturation Mineral nutrients Monoculture (aquaculture) Nutrient concentrations Nutrient flow Nutrient removal Nylon Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Removal Scrubbers Seaweeds Seeding Seedlings Substrates Turf Ulva ohnoi Water flow Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS) Algae Nutrient Scrubbers Bioremediation
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Abstract	An increase in the use of macroalgal biomass for different applications is required in development of efficient cultivation systems and low-cost culture media. With this in mind, the present work proposes modifications to the Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS) system inducing the establishment of a monospecific culture of Ulva ohnoi through a seeding process, speeding up the maturation time and increasing efficiency and productivity. Bench-scale units of Seeded Algal Turf Scrubber (sATS) were built to test different types of algal attachment substrates (nylon and jute fiber) and water flow conditions (stagnant and continuous) besides evaluating of coverage rate, daily growth rate, and nutrient removal capacity. The results were promising. The coverage rate by U. ohnoi seedlings was higher when nylon substrate was combined with continuous water flow (74.41 ± 6.79%). Changes in nutrient concentration demonstrated a dose-dependent pattern with complete removal of P-PO 4 3− in 24 h at all concentrations tested when the system had 18 days of maturation and N-NH 4 + was completely removed in 24 h at all concentrations tested in both maturation times (18 and 47 days). Daily growth rates presented satisfactory values, reaching maximum of 4.8 ± 0.6% day −1 . In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the bench-scale sATS system was successful to enable cultivation of U. ohnoi by seeding, resulting in good quality biomass production and efficient nutrient removal, thus justifying upscale experiments.
AbstractList	An increase in the use of macroalgal biomass for different applications is required in development of efficient cultivation systems and low-cost culture media. With this in mind, the present work proposes modifications to the Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS) system inducing the establishment of a monospecific culture of Ulva ohnoi through a seeding process, speeding up the maturation time and increasing efficiency and productivity. Bench-scale units of Seeded Algal Turf Scrubber (sATS) were built to test different types of algal attachment substrates (nylon and jute fiber) and water flow conditions (stagnant and continuous) besides evaluating of coverage rate, daily growth rate, and nutrient removal capacity. The results were promising. The coverage rate by U. ohnoi seedlings was higher when nylon substrate was combined with continuous water flow (74.41 ± 6.79%). Changes in nutrient concentration demonstrated a dose-dependent pattern with complete removal of P-PO43− in 24 h at all concentrations tested when the system had 18 days of maturation and N-NH4+ was completely removed in 24 h at all concentrations tested in both maturation times (18 and 47 days). Daily growth rates presented satisfactory values, reaching maximum of 4.8 ± 0.6% day−1. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the bench-scale sATS system was successful to enable cultivation of U. ohnoi by seeding, resulting in good quality biomass production and efficient nutrient removal, thus justifying upscale experiments. An increase in the use of macroalgal biomass for different applications is required in development of efficient cultivation systems and low-cost culture media. With this in mind, the present work proposes modifications to the Algal Turf Scrubber (ATS) system inducing the establishment of a monospecific culture of Ulva ohnoi through a seeding process, speeding up the maturation time and increasing efficiency and productivity. Bench-scale units of Seeded Algal Turf Scrubber (sATS) were built to test different types of algal attachment substrates (nylon and jute fiber) and water flow conditions (stagnant and continuous) besides evaluating of coverage rate, daily growth rate, and nutrient removal capacity. The results were promising. The coverage rate by U. ohnoi seedlings was higher when nylon substrate was combined with continuous water flow (74.41 ± 6.79%). Changes in nutrient concentration demonstrated a dose-dependent pattern with complete removal of P-PO 4 3− in 24 h at all concentrations tested when the system had 18 days of maturation and N-NH 4 + was completely removed in 24 h at all concentrations tested in both maturation times (18 and 47 days). Daily growth rates presented satisfactory values, reaching maximum of 4.8 ± 0.6% day −1 . In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the bench-scale sATS system was successful to enable cultivation of U. ohnoi by seeding, resulting in good quality biomass production and efficient nutrient removal, thus justifying upscale experiments.
Author	Salvi, Kely Paula de Oliveira Bastos, Eduardo Rörig, Leonardo Rubi Horta, Paulo Antunes da Silva Oliveira, Willian
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Kely Paula surname: Salvi fullname: Salvi, Kely Paula organization: Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade – sequence: 2 givenname: Willian surname: da Silva Oliveira fullname: da Silva Oliveira, Willian organization: Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Laboratório Multiusuário de Estudo em Biologia (LAMEB/Botânica), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade – sequence: 3 givenname: Paulo Antunes surname: Horta fullname: Horta, Paulo Antunes organization: Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade – sequence: 4 givenname: Leonardo Rubi surname: Rörig fullname: Rörig, Leonardo Rubi organization: Programa de Pós-graduação em Oceanografia, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade, Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade – sequence: 5 givenname: Eduardo orcidid: 0000-0001-6710-7281 surname: de Oliveira Bastos fullname: de Oliveira Bastos, Eduardo email: bastos_e@hotmail.com organization: Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Campus Trindade
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Snippet	An increase in the use of macroalgal biomass for different applications is required in development of efficient cultivation systems and low-cost culture media....
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SubjectTerms	Algae Aquaculture Biomass Biomedical and Life Sciences Bioremediation Cultivation Culture media Dosage Ecology Freshwater & Marine Ecology Growth rate Jute Life Sciences Maturation Mineral nutrients Monoculture (aquaculture) Nutrient concentrations Nutrient flow Nutrient removal Nylon Plant Physiology Plant Sciences Removal Scrubbers Seaweeds Seeding Seedlings Substrates Turf Ulva ohnoi Water flow
Title	A new model of Algal Turf Scrubber for bioremediation and biomass production using seaweed aquaculture principles
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