Bioremoval of Surfactant from Laundry Wastewater in Optimized Condition by Anoxic Reactors

• Published in: Water, air, and soil pollution Vol. 228; no. 4; p. 1
• Main Authors: Andrade, Marcus Vinicius Freire, Sakamoto, Isabel Kimiko, de Oliveira Paranhos, Aline Gomes, Silva, Edson Luiz, Varesche, Maria Bernadete Amâncio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01-04-2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Alkylbenzene sulfonate; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Bacteria; Batch reactors; Benzene; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts; Earth and Environmental Science; Environment; Environmental monitoring; Ethanol; Experimental design; Factorial experiments; Fluidized bed reactors; Hydrocarbons; Hydrogeology; Linear alkyl sulfonates; Metabolism; Microorganisms; Nitrates; Phenols; Reactors; Sludge; Soil Science & Conservation; Surfactants; Toxicity; Water Quality/Water Pollution; Composite central design; Denitrification; Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate; Batch reactors
• ISSN: 0049-6979; 1573-2932
• DOI: 10.1007/s11270-017-3293-9

Effects of ethanol and nitrate on linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) degradation were investigated using central composite design. At experimental design, removal of 99.9% was observed in batch reactors (1 L) with 9.8 to 41.2 mg L
−1
of LAS. The batch reactors were kept under agitation at 120 rpm and 30 °C. Ethanol (co-substrate) and nitrate (electron acceptor) were statistically significant factors (
p
 < 0.05) in surfactant removal. Optimal values were 97.5 and 88 mg L
−1
for ethanol and nitrate, respectively. LAS removal was kinetically investigated by varying surfactant concentration while using optimal values. Batch I (27 mg L
−1
LAS) exhibited greater degradation rate (K
LAS
) (0.054 h
−1
) in the presence of ethanol and nitrate. Nonetheless, in Batch II (60 mg L
−1
LAS), the K
LAS
values decreased in those reactors probably due to inhibition by excess substrate for same concentrations of nitrate and ethanol added in reactors. As LAS concentration increased, the dominance of bacterial populations also increased, whereas diversity index decreased from 2.8 (inoculum) to 2.4 and 2.5 for reactors with both added nitrate and ethanol and those with only added ethanol, respectively. Probably, a selection of microbial populations occurred in relation to LAS concentration. The nitrate and ethanol, at able concentration, made it possible the induction of denitrifying microrganisms foward to LAS removal.