Prognostic factors for COVID-19 patients

• Published in: Journal of infection in developing countries Vol. 16; no. 3; pp. 409 - 417
• Main Authors: Önal, Uğur, Aydın Güçlü, Özge, Akalın, Halis, Aylin Acet Öztürk, Nilüfer, Semet, Cihan, Demirdöğen, Ezgi, Görek Dilektaşlı, Aslı, Sağlık, İmran, Kazak, Esra, Özkaya, Güven, Coşkun, Funda, Ediger, Dane, Heper, Yasemin, Ursavaş, Ahmet, Yılmaz, Emel, Uzaslan, Esra, Karadağ, Mehmet
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Italy Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 31-03-2022
• Subjects: Adult; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - diagnosis; COVID-19 - mortality; Ferritins; Humans; Medical prognosis; Medical treatment; Mortality; Neutrophils; Patients; Prognosis; Regression analysis; Retrospective Studies; ROC Curve; COVID-19; SOFA; prognostic factors; CURB-65
• ISSN: 1972-2680; 2036-6590; 1972-2680
• DOI: 10.3855/jidc.15845

Determining prognostic factors in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can have great impact on treatment planning and follow-up strategies. Herein, we aimed to evaluate prognostic factors and clinical scores for confirmed COVID-19 patients in a tertiary-care hospital in the Bursa region of Turkey.
Patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 microbiologically and/or radiologically between March and October 2020 in a tertiary-care university hospital were enrolled retrospectively. Adult patients (≥ 18 years) with a clinical spectrum of moderate, severe, or critical illness were included. The dependent variable was 30-day mortality and logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate any variables with a significant p value (< 0.05) in univariate analysis.
A total of 257 patients were included in the study. The mortality rate (30-day) was 14.4%. In logistic regression analysis, higher scores on sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) (p < 0.001, odds ratio (OR) = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.42-2.45) and CURB-65 pneumonia severity criteria (p = 0.001, OR = 2.60, 95% CI = 1.47-4.57) were found to be significant in predicting mortality at admission. In deceased patients, there were also significant differences between the baseline, day-3, day-7, and day-14 results of D-dimer (p = 0.01), ferritin (p = 0.042), leukocyte (p = 0.019), and neutrophil (p = 0.007) counts.
In our study of COVID-19 patients, we found that high SOFA and CURB-65 scores on admission were associated with increased mortality. In addition, D-dimer, ferritin, leukocyte and neutrophil counts significantly increased after admission in patients who died.