Gut microbiota and its relationship with early vascular ageing in a Spanish population (MIVAS study)

• Published in: European journal of clinical investigation Vol. 54; no. 9; pp. e14228 - n/a
• Main Authors: Salvado, Rita, Santos‐Minguez, Sandra, Lugones‐Sánchez, Cristina, Gonzalez‐Sánchez, Susana, Tamayo‐Morales, Olaya, Quesada‐Rico, José A., Benito, Rocío, Rodríguez‐Sánchez, Emiliano, Gómez‐Marcos, Manuel A., Casado‐Vicente, Verónica, Guimarães‐Cunha, Pedro, Hernandez‐Rivas, Jesús M., Mira, Alex, García‐Ortiz, Luis, Hernández‐Sánchez, Jesús Mª, Maderuelo‐Fernández, José A, Agudo‐Conde, Cristina, Cabo‐Laso, Ángela, Sánchez‐Salgado, Benigna, Martín‐González, Mª Pilar, Garcia, Ana Garcia‐Puente, Hoya‐González, Amaya, Magallón‐Botaya, Rosa, Mar Martínez, María, Garcia Cubillas, Miriam D, Ramírez‐Manent, Ignacio, Gallardo‐Alfaro, Laura
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-09-2024
• Subjects: Abundance; Aged; Aging; Aging - physiology; Ankle; Ankle Brachial Index; atherosclerosis; Bilophila; cardio ankle vascular index; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - microbiology; carotid femoral pulse wave velocity; Chronology; Composition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Feces; Feces - microbiology; Female; Firmicutes; gastrointestinal microbiome; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - physiology; Humans; Intestinal microflora; Male; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Middle Aged; Population studies; Pulse Wave Analysis; Regression analysis; rRNA 16S; Sequences; Spain; vascular stiffness; Vascular Stiffness - physiology; Velocity; Wave velocity; Spain; atherosclerosis; Bilophila; vascular stiffness; cardio ankle vascular index; carotid femoral pulse wave velocity; gastrointestinal microbiome
• ISSN: 0014-2972; 1365-2362; 1365-2362
• DOI: 10.1111/eci.14228

Background
Gut microbiota and its by‐products are increasingly recognized as having a decisive role in cardiovascular diseases. The aim is to study the relationship between gut microbiota and early vascular ageing (EVA).
Methods
A cross‐sectional study was developed in Salamanca (Spain) in which 180 subjects aged 45–74 years were recruited. EVA was defined by the presence of at least one of the following: carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (cf‐PWV), cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI) or brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (ba‐PWV) above the 90th percentile of the reference population. All other cases were considered normal vascular ageing (NVA). Measurements: cf‐PWV was measured by SphygmoCor® System; CAVI and ba‐PWV were determined by Vasera 2000® device. Gut microbiome composition in faecal samples was determined by 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing.
Results
Mean age was 64.4 ± 6.9 in EVA group and 60.4 ± 7.6 years in NVA (p < .01). Women in EVA group were 41% and 53% in NVA. There were no differences in the overall composition of gut microbiota between the two groups when evaluating Firmicutes/Bacteriodetes ratio, alfa diversity (Shannon Index) and beta diversity (Bray‐Curtis). Bilophila, Faecalibacterium sp.UBA1819 and Phocea, are increased in EVA group. While Cedecea, Lactococcus, Pseudomonas, Succiniclasticum and Dielma exist in lower abundance. In logistic regression analysis, Bilophila (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.12–2.6, p = .013) remained significant.
Conclusions
In the studied Spanish population, early vascular ageing is positively associated with gut microbiota abundance of the genus Bilophila. No relationship was found between phyla abundance and measures of diversity.
MIVAS cross‐sectional study involved 180 subjects from Salamanca, Spain. Early vascular ageing (EVA), the opposite of normal vascular ageing (NVA), was defined by carotid‐femoral and brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (cf‐PWV, ba‐PWV), or cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI) above the 90th percentile of the reference population. Bilophila, Faecalibacterium UBA1819 and Phocea genus were increased in EVA group while Cedecea, Lactococcus, Pseudomonas, Succiniclasticum and Dielma decreased. Bilophila (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.12–2.6, p = .013) showed a positive correlation with EVA in logistic regression.