Human cancer: is it linked to dysfunctional lipid metabolism?

• Published in: Biochimica et biophysica acta Vol. 1850; no. 2; pp. 352 - 364
• Main Authors: Hashmi, Sarwar, Wang, Yi, Suman, Devi S, Parhar, Ranjit S, Collison, Kate, Conca, Walter, Al-Mohanna, Futwan, Gaugler, Randy
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands 01-02-2015
• Subjects: Animals; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cell Death; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Mice; Neoplasms - epidemiology; Neoplasms - metabolism; Neoplasms - pathology; Neoplasms - therapy; Obesity - epidemiology; Obesity - metabolism; Obesity - pathology; Obesity - therapy; Rats; Obesity; Lipid metabolism; Krüppel-like factor; Apoptosis; Cancer; Tumor development
• ISSN: 0006-3002; 0304-4165
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.11.004

Lipid metabolism dysfunction leading to excess fat deposits (obesity) may cause tumor (cancer) development. Both obesity and cancer are the epicenter of important medical issues. Lipid metabolism and cell death/proliferation are controlled by biochemical and molecular pathways involving many proteins, and organelles; alteration in these pathways leads to fat accumulation or tumor growth. Mammalian Krüppel-like factors, KLFs play key roles in both lipid metabolism and tumor development.
Substantial epidemiological and clinical studies have established strong association of obesity with a number of human cancers. However, we need more experimental verification to determine the exact role of this metabolic alteration in the context of tumor development. A clear understanding of molecules, pathways and the mechanisms involved in lipid metabolism and cell death/proliferation will have important implications in pathogenesis, and prevention of these diseases.
The regulatory role of KLFs, in both cell death/proliferation and lipid metabolism suggests a common regulation of both processes. This provides an excellent model for delivering a precise understanding of the mechanisms linking altered expression of KLFs to obesity and tumor development.
Currently, mouse and rats are the models of choice for investigating disease mechanisms and pharmacological therapies but a genetic model is needed for a thorough examination of KLF function in vivo during the development of an organism. The worm Caenorhabditis elegans is an ideal model to study the connectivity between lipid metabolism and cell death/proliferation.