Modified graft copolymers based on ethylene vinyl acetate as depressants for waxy crude oil and their effect on the rheological properties of oil
In this work, modified ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)-based copolymers were synthesized by graft copolymerization of hydrophobic monomers onto commercial EVA using a low energy electron beam (EB). The mechanism of graft copolymerization was studied by the spin trap method using a model reaction of the...
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| Published in: | Journal of petroleum science & engineering Vol. 213; p. 110298 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01-06-2022
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| Abstract | In this work, modified ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)-based copolymers were synthesized by graft copolymerization of hydrophobic monomers onto commercial EVA using a low energy electron beam (EB). The mechanism of graft copolymerization was studied by the spin trap method using a model reaction of the interaction of a tert-butoxy radical with an EVA copolymer. The results show that the main contribution to the initiation of graft copolymerization is made by the reactions of hydrogen abstraction from the methine CH groups of the vinyl acetate units. Oil from the Kumkol region treated with PPD showed better rheological properties, lower pour point temperatures, as well as lower wax content when tested on a cold finger, and better performance on the transportation route of the Kumkol - Karakoin - Shymkent. Moreover, EVA-based graft copolymers (gEVAp) performed better PPD than those obtained for commercial pour-point depressant (PPD). The rheological parameters of oil have been dramatically improved, which can be characterized as better oil pumpability in the cold season, which reduces the load on mainline pumps and saves energy for the transporting company. The pour point of the tested oil dropped from 12 to −3 °C, which led to the formation of wax crystals of the regular, compact platelet shape. Field tests using pigs showed significantly less wax deposited along the pipeline.
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•Multifunctional hydrophobically modified ethylene-vinyl acetate-based copolymers (gEVAp) additives for crude oil.•Grafting of hydrophobic branches onto the EVA backbone showed better additive efficiency compared to commercial EVA.•gEVAps dramatically improve the flowability of waxy oil.•gEVAps reduces wax deposit mass and yield stress, thereby reducing wax resistance when pigging.•Platelet-shaped wax crystals become smaller and more dispersed cause flowability improvement. |
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| AbstractList | In this work, modified ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)-based copolymers were synthesized by graft copolymerization of hydrophobic monomers onto commercial EVA using a low energy electron beam (EB). The mechanism of graft copolymerization was studied by the spin trap method using a model reaction of the interaction of a tert-butoxy radical with an EVA copolymer. The results show that the main contribution to the initiation of graft copolymerization is made by the reactions of hydrogen abstraction from the methine CH groups of the vinyl acetate units. Oil from the Kumkol region treated with PPD showed better rheological properties, lower pour point temperatures, as well as lower wax content when tested on a cold finger, and better performance on the transportation route of the Kumkol - Karakoin - Shymkent. Moreover, EVA-based graft copolymers (gEVAp) performed better PPD than those obtained for commercial pour-point depressant (PPD). The rheological parameters of oil have been dramatically improved, which can be characterized as better oil pumpability in the cold season, which reduces the load on mainline pumps and saves energy for the transporting company. The pour point of the tested oil dropped from 12 to −3 °C, which led to the formation of wax crystals of the regular, compact platelet shape. Field tests using pigs showed significantly less wax deposited along the pipeline.
[Display omitted]
•Multifunctional hydrophobically modified ethylene-vinyl acetate-based copolymers (gEVAp) additives for crude oil.•Grafting of hydrophobic branches onto the EVA backbone showed better additive efficiency compared to commercial EVA.•gEVAps dramatically improve the flowability of waxy oil.•gEVAps reduces wax deposit mass and yield stress, thereby reducing wax resistance when pigging.•Platelet-shaped wax crystals become smaller and more dispersed cause flowability improvement. |
| ArticleNumber | 110298 |
| Author | Mun, Grigoriy A. Bekbassov, Timur Yermukhambetova, Bayana B. Azhgaliyev, Naurizbek Dergunov, Sergey A. Beksultanov, Zhomart Azhgaliyev, Baurzhan |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Grigoriy A. surname: Mun fullname: Mun, Grigoriy A. organization: Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 2 givenname: Timur surname: Bekbassov fullname: Bekbassov, Timur organization: Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 3 givenname: Zhomart surname: Beksultanov fullname: Beksultanov, Zhomart organization: The Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1 Ibragimova Street, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 4 givenname: Bayana B. surname: Yermukhambetova fullname: Yermukhambetova, Bayana B. organization: Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan – sequence: 5 givenname: Baurzhan surname: Azhgaliyev fullname: Azhgaliyev, Baurzhan organization: «RauanNalco» LLP, Atyrau, Kazakhstan – sequence: 6 givenname: Naurizbek surname: Azhgaliyev fullname: Azhgaliyev, Naurizbek organization: «RauanNalco» LLP, Atyrau, Kazakhstan – sequence: 7 givenname: Sergey A. orcidid: 0000-0001-6668-6445 surname: Dergunov fullname: Dergunov, Sergey A. email: sergey.dergunov@uconn.edu organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1080_01932691_2024_2340673 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geoen_2023_211999 crossref_primary_10_3390_polym15020306 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_petsci_2023_05_016 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jmrt_2024_02_174 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_porgcoat_2024_108483 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_58521_w crossref_primary_10_1021_acs_energyfuels_3c04555 crossref_primary_10_3390_polym14142911 crossref_primary_10_1080_01932691_2023_2220783 |
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| Keywords | Flow improver Ethylene vinyl acetate Graft copolymers Pour point depressant Crude oil Wax appearance temperature |
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| SubjectTerms | Crude oil Ethylene vinyl acetate Flow improver Graft copolymers Pour point depressant Wax appearance temperature |
| Title | Modified graft copolymers based on ethylene vinyl acetate as depressants for waxy crude oil and their effect on the rheological properties of oil |
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