The effect of gradually constricted channel on the I–V characteristics of graphene sheets

• Published in: Physica. E, Low-dimensional systems & nanostructures Vol. 84; pp. 16 - 21
• Main Authors: Zanella, Fernando, Nobrega, K.Z., Dartora, C.A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 01-10-2016
• Subjects: Channel constriction; Graphene; Green's functions; I-V characteristics; Green's functions; I-V characteristics; Graphene; Channel constriction
• ISSN: 1386-9477; 1873-1759
• DOI: 10.1016/j.physe.2016.05.032

Ideal graphene is a gapless semiconductor consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms regularly arranged in a honeycomb lattice having infinite spatial extent in the (x,y)-plane, in which electrons behave as Dirac massless fermions. Even neglecting interactions with the anchoring substrate, a graphene sheet in real world has finite extent, leading to distinctive features in the conductivity of a given sample. In this letter we study the effect of a gradual channel constriction in graphene nanoribbons on their I–V characteristics, using non-equilibrium Green's function formalism. The constriction width and the border cutting angle are the main parameters to be varied. We found that transmission through the channel is considerably affected by these parameters, presenting sharp peaks at specific energies, which can be attributed to a resonance due to the tuning of energy eigenvalues.
•Transport properties of channel constrictions in graphene are obtained.•Green's functions methods are used to obtain transmission and I–V characteristics.•The parameters of the gradual constriction are border cutting angle and channel width.