Survey of Cutaneous Neoplastic and Nonneoplastic Lesions of Horses From Central-West Brazil

• Published in: Journal of equine veterinary science Vol. 38; pp. 48 - 53
• Main Authors: Silva do Nascimento, Claudomiro, de Galiza, Glauco José Nogueira, Mattos Carvalho, Armando de, Rocha Guedes, Karla Moraes, Anunciação Pimentel, Luciano da, dos Santos, Marcelo Diniz, Headley, Selwyn Arlington
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01-03-2016
• Subjects: Equine; Pythiosis; Sarcoid; Skin disease; Squamous cell carcinoma; Squamous cell carcinoma; Skin disease; Equine; Sarcoid; Pythiosis
• ISSN: 0737-0806; 1542-7412
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.01.005

A retrospective study was designed to determine the occurrence of cutaneous neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions in horses from Central-West Brazil by examining the hospital records of horses submitted for biopsy at the Universidade de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, during January 1998 to December 2013. During this 15-year period, biopsy specimens of 133 horses were received for histopathological diagnosis; most of these (69.9%; 93/133) were cutaneous biopsies. No significant difference was observed between the genders of horses with a cutaneous diagnosis; 51.6% (44/93) were males, 47.3% (44/93) females, and the sex of one animal was unspecified. Mixed-breed horses were predominant (35.3%; 33/93), followed by the Quarter Horse and Pantaneiro breeds (25.8%; 24/93). A definite seasonal pattern relative to the occurrence of cutaneous disease was not observed. Cutaneous diseases were more frequent in horses that were more than 1 year of age. Nonneoplastic cutaneous lesions (73.1%; 68/93) were more predominantly diagnosed relative to neoplastic disease (19.4%; 18/93). Pythiosis was the most frequent (50%; 34/68) nonneoplastic lesion and represented 36.5% (34/93) of all cutaneous lesions diagnosed. Squamous cell carcinomas (44.4%; 8/18) and sarcoids (38.9%; 7/18) were the most frequently diagnosed neoplastic lesions. These findings suggest that cutaneous lesions are common in horses from the Central-West region of Brazil, and the age, gender, and breed per se of the affected horse were not determinant factors relative to the occurrence of skin lesions in horses from this geographical region.
•Epidemiologic reports of cutaneous lesions of horses are scarce.•Pythiosis was the most frequently occurring cutaneous disease and occurred predominantly in horses that were more than 1 year of age.•Squamous cell carcinoma and sarcoids were the predominant neoplastic lesions.•The age and breed of the affected horses had no effect on the occurrence of cutaneous lesions.