Primary gastroduodenal tuberculosis presenting as gastric outlet obstruction: A case report and review of literature

• Published in: World journal of clinical cases Vol. 12; no. 8; pp. 1536 - 1543
• Main Authors: Ali, Abdihamid Mohamed, Mohamed, Yahye Garad, Mohamud, Abdirahman Ahmed, Mohamed, Abdulkadir Nor, Ahmed, Mohamed Rage, Abdullahi, Ismail Mohamud, Saydam, Tuba
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 16-03-2024
• Subjects: Case Report; Case report; Tuberculosis; Gastric outlet obstruction; Gastrointestinal tuberculosis; Gastroduodenal tuberculosis
• ISSN: 2307-8960; 2307-8960
• DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i8.1536

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is the causative agent of TB, a chronic granulomatous illness. This disease is prevalent in low-income countries, posing a significant global health challenge. Gastrointestinal TB is one of the three forms. The disease can mimic other intra-abdominal conditions, leading to delayed diagnosis owing to the absence of specific symptoms. While gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) remains a frequent complication, its incidence has declined with the advent of proton pump inhibitors and
eradication therapy. Gastroduodenal TB can cause upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, obstruction, and malignancy-like tumors.
A 23-year-old male presented with recurrent epigastric pain, distension, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss, prompting a referral to a gastroenterologist clinic. Endoscopic examination revealed distorted gastric mucosa and signs of chronic inflammation. However, treatment was interrupted, possibly owing to vomiting or comorbidities such as human immunodeficiency virus infection or diabetes. Subsequent surgical intervention revealed a dilated stomach and diffuse thickening of the duodenal wall. Resection revealed gastric wall effacement with TB.
Primary gastric TB is rare, frequently leading to GOO. Given its rarity, suspicions should be promptly raised when encountering relevant symptoms, often requiring surgical intervention for diagnosis and treatment.