Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties of Glechoma hederacea Extracts Obtained by Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Using Different Extraction Conditions

• Published in: Applied sciences Vol. 12; no. 7; p. 3572
• Main Authors: Gwiazdowska, Daniela, Uwineza, Pascaline Aimee, Frąk, Szymon, Juś, Krzysztof, Marchwińska, Katarzyna, Gwiazdowski, Romuald, Waśkiewicz, Agnieszka
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-04-2022
• Subjects: Animal welfare; Antifungal activity; Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial activity; antimicrobial properties; antioxidant activity; Antioxidants; Bacteria; Bioactive compounds; Biocompatibility; biofilm; Biofilms; Biological activity; Carbon dioxide; Chemicals; E coli; Food contamination & poisoning; Food production; Food safety; Fungi; Fungicides; Glechoma hederacea; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; Herbal medicine; Herbs; Metabolites; Microorganisms; Organic solvents; Pesticides; Phenolic compounds; Phenols; Plant diseases; Plant extracts; Potassium; Salmonella; Solvents; supercritical fluid extraction; Supercritical fluids; Supercritical gas extraction; Temperature dependence; Yeasts; Poland
• ISSN: 2076-3417; 2076-3417
• DOI: 10.3390/app12073572

Glechoma hederacea var. longituba is a herbaceous plant from the Lamiaceae family, used in herbal medicine. In this work, we aimed to assess the total phenolic content, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of extracts obtained from G. hederacea via supercritical dioxide extraction with methanol as a co-solvent under different extraction conditions. The results showed that the activity of the obtained SC-CO2 extracts is strongly dependent on the extraction temperature. Significantly higher total polyphenol content, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and yeasts, was observed in the extract obtained at 40 °C, compared to extracts obtained at 50 °C and 60 °C; however, antifungal activity against filamentous fungi was not dependent on the extraction conditions. Antimicrobial activity also depended on the microorganism type. Higher sensitivity was exhibited by Gram-positive bacteria than by Gram-negative bacteria, with S. aureus and P. aeruginosa being the most sensitive species among each group. The most susceptible fungi were Candida albicans and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The antibiofilm activity was differentiated and depended on the extraction conditions, the microorganism and the method of biofilm treatment. All tested extracts inhibited biofilm formation, with the extract obtained at 40 °C showing the highest value, whereas only extract obtained at 60 °C efficiently removed mature biofilm.