Methods for Assessing the Layered Structure of the Geological Environment in the Drilling Process by Analyzing Recorded Phase Geoelectric Signals

• Published in: Mathematics (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 14; p. 2194
• Main Authors: Abzhanova, Ainagul, Bykov, Artem, Surzhik, Dmitry, Mukhamejanova, Aigul, Orazbayev, Batyr, Svirina, Anastasia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-07-2024
• Subjects: Accuracy; Agriculture; Analysis; Biodiversity; Climate change; Concrete; Construction; Control equipment; Control methods; Data collection; Drilling; Drilling and boring; Drilling machines (tools); drilling process; Dynamic structural analysis; Electric contacts; Electric fields; Electric properties; Geoelectricity; geoelectrics; Geology; Geotechnology; Groundwater; Heterogeneity; Infrastructure; Integrated approach; Laboratories; layered structure; Linear functions; Machine learning; Methods; near-surface part of geological environment; Noise sensitivity; Parameter modification; Parameter sensitivity; phase images; phasometric methods; Process controls; Railroads; Reinforced concrete; Seismic engineering; Signal processing; Soil analysis; Soil layers; Soil structure; Soils; Sustainability; Underground structures; Kazakhstan
• ISSN: 2227-7390; 2227-7390
• DOI: 10.3390/math12142194

Assessment of the current state of the near-surface part of the geological environment and understanding of its layered structure play an important role in various scientific and applied fields. The presented work is devoted to the application of phasometric modifications of geoelectric control methods to solve the problem of the detailed complex study of the underground layers of the environment in the process of drilling operations with the use of special equipment. These studies are based on the analysis of variations in phase parameters and characteristics of an artificially excited multiphase electric field to assess poorly distinguishable details and changes in the layered structure of the medium. The proposed method has increased accuracy, sensitivity and noise proofness of measurements, which allows for extracting detailed information about the heterogeneity, composition and stratification of underground geological formations not only in the zone where the drill makes contact with the medium, but also in the entire control zone. This paper considers practical mathematical models of phase images for basic scenarios of drill penetration between the layers of the near-surface part of the geological medium with different characteristics, obtained by means of approximation apparatus based on continuous piecewise linear functions, and also suggests the use of modern machine learning methods for intelligent analysis of its structure. Studying the phase shifts in electrical signals during drilling highlights their value for understanding the dynamics of soil response to the process. The observed signal changes during the drilling cycle reveal in detail the heterogeneity in soil structure and its response to changes caused by drilling. The stability of phase shifts at the last stages of the process indicates a quasi-equilibrium state. The results make a significant contribution to geotechnical science by offering an improved approach to monitoring a layered structure without the need for deep drilling.