Agomelatine improves streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy through melatonin receptors/SIRT1 signaling pathway

• Published in: International immunopharmacology Vol. 115; p. 109646
• Main Authors: Mahmoud, Nevertyty M., Elshazly, Shimaa M., Hassan, Arwa A., Soliman, Eman
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-02-2023
• Subjects: Agomelatine; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; AMPK; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism; Diabetic Nephropathies - drug therapy; Diabetic Nephropathies - metabolism; Diabetic nephropathy; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Melatonin - pharmacology; Melatonin - therapeutic use; Melatonin receptors; NF-kappa B - metabolism; NFκB; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Melatonin - therapeutic use; Signal Transduction; SIRT1; Sirtuin 1 - metabolism; Streptozocin; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Melatonin receptors; ESRD; MCP-1; NFκB; DAB; IHC; H&E; MT; AGO; DN; ICAM-1; SIRT1; LPS; HOMA-IR; VCAM-1; CMC; STZ; Diabetic nephropathy; AMPK; Agomelatine; GlcNAc; ELISA
• ISSN: 1567-5769; 1878-1705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109646

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•Agomelatine increased renal SIRT1 expression in STZ-treated rats.•Agomelatine improved diabetes and insulin resistance.•Agomelatine improved renal histology, function, and inflammation in diabetic rats.•Agomelatine reduced NFκB and increased AMPK phosphorylation in kidney.•The effect of agomelatine is SIRT1- and melatonin receptor-dependent.
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Agomelatine, a melatonin receptor agonist, has a potent anti-inflammatory activity. The current study aimed to determine the ameliorative anti-inflammatory effect of agomelatine against DN.
We used 10 % fructose with streptozotocin (STZ) to induce DN in male Wistar rats. Diabetic rats were treated with agomelatine in presence or absence of melatonin receptor antagonist (luzindole) or Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) inhibitor (EX527). SIRT1 expression was measured by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis. The expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB), 5′adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were measured using ELISA. Histological assessment was performed using hematoxylin and eosin-stained renal sections.
Fructose and STZ treatment induced diabetes, insulin resistance, and renal damage accompanied by reduced SIRT1 expression, increased NFκB activation, and decreased AMPK phosphorylation in the kidney. Agomelatine treatment improved kidney histology and function and upregulated SIRT1 expression (2-fold). Inhibition of melatonin receptors and SIRT1 activity increased NFκB phosphorylation (2.13 and 1.98-folds, respectively), reduced AMPK activation (0.51 and 0.53-folds, respectively), increased inflammatory markers ICAM-1 (2.16 and 2.23-folds, respectively), VCAM-1 (2.19 and 2.26-folds, respectively), and MCP-1(2.84 and 3.12-folds, respectively), and inhibited the ameliorative effect of agomelatine on kidney structure and function.
Our findings reveal the ameliorative anti-inflammatory activity of agomelatine against STZ-induced DN and this effect is SIRT1- and melatonin receptor-dependent. Therefore, agomelatine may be beneficial to prevent the development of ESRD from diabetes mellitus.