Neutron production for 250 MeV protons bombarding on thick grain-made tungsten target

• Published in: The European physical journal. A, Hadrons and nuclei Vol. 51; no. 8
• Main Authors: Zhang, Xueying, Zhang, Yanbin, Ma, Fei, Ju, Yongqin, Chen, Liang, Zhang, Hongbin, Li, Yanyan, Wan, Bo, Wang, Jianguo, Ge, Honglin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 26-08-2015
• Subjects: Hadrons; Heavy Ions; Nuclear Fusion; Nuclear Physics; Particle and Nuclear Physics; Physics; Physics and Astronomy; Regular Article - Experimental Physics; Proton Beam; Geant4 Simulation; Neutron Yield; Neutron Production; Thermal Neutron
• DOI: 10.1140/epja/i2015-15106-0
• EISSN: 1434-601X
• ISSN: 1434-6001

Neutron yield for 250 MeV protons incident on a tungsten target has been measured using the water bath method. The target was made of many randomly placed tungsten grains. Through analyzing the activity of Au foils, the neutron flux distribution in water was obtained. The neutrons slowing down process shows that the neutrons from tungsten have an average energy lower than neutrons from the lead target. The neutron yield was experimentally determined to be 2.02 ± 0.15 neutron/proton. Detailed simulation was also performed with the Geant4 toolkit. Comparison has been made with the experimentally derived neutron yield. It was found that, around 250 MeV, experimental results were described satisfactorily with a combination of high-energy spallation, low-energy neutron reaction and scattering. It was shown that the grain-packed target does not affect much the main neutronic properties, which are of crucial importance for the design of the spallation target.