Growth, Structural, Spectroscopic and Thermal Analyses of Novel Organic Brucinum-3, 5 -Dihydroxybenzoate Dihydrate Single Crystals for NLO Applications
Along the line of available efficient nonlinear optical (NLO) organic single crystals in the literature, it is worthwhile to bring in a novel organic single crystal of Brucinium-3,5-dihydroxybenzoate dihydrate (B35D) which was successfully grown utilizing the technique of slow evaporation of solutio...
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Published in: | Polycyclic aromatic compounds Vol. 44; no. 8; pp. 5247 - 5260 |
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Abstract | Along the line of available efficient nonlinear optical (NLO) organic single crystals in the literature, it is worthwhile to bring in a novel organic single crystal of Brucinium-3,5-dihydroxybenzoate dihydrate (B35D) which was successfully grown utilizing the technique of slow evaporation of solution at ambient conditions. As the solubility of B35D was found to be the highest in water-ethanol 1:1 mixed solvent among the conventional solvents, crystallization of B35D was accomplished by making use of the solvent. The required confirmation of the crystal structure of the crystal and its lattice parameter could be achieved by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis such that B35D was found to be crystallized in the monoclinic system with the non-centrosymmetric space group C2. The recording of UV-Vis-NIR transmittance spectrum of the crystal was undertaken between the range of 300 and 900 nm whereby the lower optical cutoff wavelength was identified to be 321 nm. The spectral study of photoluminescence was carried out in the range of 300-600 nm by which the band gap energy was calculated to be about 3.8 eV (at 373 nm) indicating that B35D has a violet fluorescence spectrum. The thermal stability and melting point of the title crystal have been investigated through Thermo gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) such that the thermal stability of the crystal was found to be 95.6 °C. The Nd: YAG Q-switched laser was employed so as to obtain the laser-induced surface damage threshold of the specimen which was estimated to be 3.1 GW/cm
2
. The Vickers microhardness test was implemented in order to arrive at the mechanical strength of the crystal. The performed non-linear optical study could reveal that the second-order harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of B35D crystal is 2.16 times higher than KDP. So that B35D crystals are among the class of NLO materials. |
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AbstractList | Along the line of available efficient nonlinear optical (NLO) organic single crystals in the literature, it is worthwhile to bring in a novel organic single crystal of Brucinium-3,5-dihydroxybenzoate dihydrate (B35D) which was successfully grown utilizing the technique of slow evaporation of solution at ambient conditions. As the solubility of B35D was found to be the highest in water-ethanol 1:1 mixed solvent among the conventional solvents, crystallization of B35D was accomplished by making use of the solvent. The required confirmation of the crystal structure of the crystal and its lattice parameter could be achieved by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis such that B35D was found to be crystallized in the monoclinic system with the non-centrosymmetric space group C2. The recording of UV-Vis-NIR transmittance spectrum of the crystal was undertaken between the range of 300 and 900 nm whereby the lower optical cutoff wavelength was identified to be 321 nm. The spectral study of photoluminescence was carried out in the range of 300-600 nm by which the band gap energy was calculated to be about 3.8 eV (at 373 nm) indicating that B35D has a violet fluorescence spectrum. The thermal stability and melting point of the title crystal have been investigated through Thermo gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) such that the thermal stability of the crystal was found to be 95.6 °C. The Nd: YAG Q-switched laser was employed so as to obtain the laser-induced surface damage threshold of the specimen which was estimated to be 3.1 GW/cm
2
. The Vickers microhardness test was implemented in order to arrive at the mechanical strength of the crystal. The performed non-linear optical study could reveal that the second-order harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of B35D crystal is 2.16 times higher than KDP. So that B35D crystals are among the class of NLO materials. Along the line of available efficient nonlinear optical (NLO) organic single crystals in the literature, it is worthwhile to bring in a novel organic single crystal of Brucinium-3,5-dihydroxybenzoate dihydrate (B35D) which was successfully grown utilizing the technique of slow evaporation of solution at ambient conditions. As the solubility of B35D was found to be the highest in water-ethanol 1:1 mixed solvent among the conventional solvents, crystallization of B35D was accomplished by making use of the solvent. The required confirmation of the crystal structure of the crystal and its lattice parameter could be achieved by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis such that B35D was found to be crystallized in the monoclinic system with the non-centrosymmetric space group C2. The recording of UV-Vis-NIR transmittance spectrum of the crystal was undertaken between the range of 300 and 900 nm whereby the lower optical cutoff wavelength was identified to be 321 nm. The spectral study of photoluminescence was carried out in the range of 300-600 nm by which the band gap energy was calculated to be about 3.8 eV (at 373 nm) indicating that B35D has a violet fluorescence spectrum. The thermal stability and melting point of the title crystal have been investigated through Thermo gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) such that the thermal stability of the crystal was found to be 95.6 °C. The Nd: YAG Q-switched laser was employed so as to obtain the laser-induced surface damage threshold of the specimen which was estimated to be 3.1 GW/cm2. The Vickers microhardness test was implemented in order to arrive at the mechanical strength of the crystal. The performed non-linear optical study could reveal that the second-order harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency of B35D crystal is 2.16 times higher than KDP. So that B35D crystals are among the class of NLO materials. |
Author | R, Dhanjayan S, Suresh S, Srinivasan C. S, Biju S, Sahaya Jude Dhas |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Dhanjayan surname: R fullname: R, Dhanjayan organization: Department of Physics, L.N. Govt College – sequence: 2 givenname: Suresh orcidid: 0000-0002-4583-0847 surname: S fullname: S, Suresh organization: Department of Physics, Saveetha Engineering College (Autonomous) – sequence: 3 givenname: Srinivasan surname: S fullname: S, Srinivasan organization: Department of Physics, Presidency College – sequence: 4 givenname: Biju surname: C. S fullname: C. S, Biju organization: Department of Physics, St. Alphonsa College of Arts and Science – sequence: 5 givenname: Sahaya Jude Dhas surname: S fullname: S, Sahaya Jude Dhas organization: Department of Physics, Kings Engineering College |
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References_xml | – ident: e_1_3_2_25_1 doi: 10.1016/j.chphi.2023.100200 – volume: 81 start-page: 174 issue: 546 year: 1908 ident: e_1_3_2_41_1 article-title: On the Scattering of the α-Particles by Matter publication-title: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character contributor: fullname: Geiger Hans – ident: e_1_3_2_12_1 doi: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.11.086 – volume-title: Amorphous and Liquid Semiconductors year: 2012 ident: e_1_3_2_42_1 contributor: fullname: Jan – ident: e_1_3_2_26_1 doi: 10.1007/s10854-020-04110-2 – ident: e_1_3_2_19_1 doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2014.08.110 – ident: e_1_3_2_5_1 doi: 10.1117/12.7972269 – ident: e_1_3_2_13_1 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2013.06.004 – ident: e_1_3_2_24_1 doi: 10.1016/j.chphi.2023.100254 – ident: e_1_3_2_4_1 doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2021.111730 – ident: e_1_3_2_9_1 doi: 10.1007/s10854-018-9960-9 – ident: e_1_3_2_14_1 doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2010.04.030 – ident: e_1_3_2_6_1 doi: 10.1088/0034-4885/16/1/302 – ident: e_1_3_2_11_1 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2014.03.044 – ident: e_1_3_2_18_1 doi: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00507-7 – ident: e_1_3_2_22_1 doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.174 – ident: e_1_3_2_39_1 doi: 10.1016/1350-4495(95)00008-M – ident: e_1_3_2_29_1 doi: 10.1007/s00340-007-2911-4 – ident: e_1_3_2_35_1 doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2018.07.006 – ident: e_1_3_2_28_1 doi: 10.1007/s00339-020-03578-3 – ident: e_1_3_2_27_1 doi: 10.1002/pssb.19660150224 – ident: e_1_3_2_3_1 doi: 10.1007/s00339-019-2642-5 – ident: e_1_3_2_21_1 doi: 10.1007/s10853-020-04575-w – ident: e_1_3_2_31_1 doi: 10.1007/s11082-023-05111-1 – ident: e_1_3_2_34_1 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2015.05.025 – ident: e_1_3_2_30_1 doi: 10.1016/j.cap.2008.04.005 – ident: e_1_3_2_17_1 doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.01.027 – ident: e_1_3_2_23_1 doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.018 – ident: e_1_3_2_8_1 doi: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2018.02.018 – ident: e_1_3_2_10_1 doi: 10.1107/S0108270106017288 – ident: e_1_3_2_40_1 doi: 10.1016/0026-0800(73)90053-0 – ident: e_1_3_2_33_1 doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.12.036 – ident: e_1_3_2_38_1 doi: 10.1016/S0925-3467(97)00171-7 – ident: e_1_3_2_16_1 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2013.08.011 – ident: e_1_3_2_32_1 doi: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2016.12.027 – ident: e_1_3_2_2_1 doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.03.082 – ident: e_1_3_2_15_1 doi: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2012211 – volume: 2 start-page: 131 year: 1947 ident: e_1_3_2_36_1 article-title: Micro-Hardness Testing publication-title: Mikroskopie contributor: fullname: Onitsch E. M. – ident: e_1_3_2_7_1 doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2007.05.013 – ident: e_1_3_2_20_1 doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.11.040 – ident: e_1_3_2_37_1 |
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SubjectTerms | Crystal lattices Crystal structure Crystallization Crystals Cut off wavelength Diamond pyramid hardness Differential thermal analysis Energy gap Ethanol Evaporation FTIR Harmonic generations Laser damage Mechanical properties Melting point Melting points Neodymium lasers NLO Nonlinear optics Parameter identification Photoluminescence Photons Q switched lasers Single crystals Solvents TG-DTA Thermal analysis Thermal stability UV-visible X-ray diffraction XRD YAG lasers Yield point |
Title | Growth, Structural, Spectroscopic and Thermal Analyses of Novel Organic Brucinum-3, 5 -Dihydroxybenzoate Dihydrate Single Crystals for NLO Applications |
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